冰封期与非冰封期查干淖尔湖东湖浮游植物群落结构特征及其驱动因子  

Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and their driving factors in the east Chagannaoer Lake during the ice-covered and non-ice-covered periods

作　　者：张昊[1,2] 史小红 崔志谋[1,2,3] 全栋 卢俊平 张生 李国华[1,2,4] Zhang Hao;Shi Xiaohong;Cui Zhimou;Quan Dong;Lu Junping;Zhang Sheng;Li Guohua(National Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecological Environment in Arid Areas of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,P.R.China;Wuliangsuhai Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station,Bayannur 015000,Inner Mongolia,P.R.China;Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Cangzhou 061000,Hebei,P.R.China;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古乌梁素海湿地生态系统定位观测研究站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [3]河北水利电力学院水利工程系,河北沧州061000 [4]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《湿地科学》2025年第1期150-159,共10页Wetland Science

基　　金：乌梁素海生态水文功能退化机制与调控项目(U2443225);内蒙古黄河流域典型湖泊生态环境综合治理技术优化集成示范项目(2021GG0089);国家自然科学基金项目(52260028,U24A20633)资助。

摘　　要：了解查干淖尔湖东湖浮游植物群落结构特征及其驱动因子,能够为该区湿地生态系统稳定发展提供基础资料。于2023年2月10日(冰封期)和2023年8月10日(非冰封期)在查干淖尔湖东湖进行样品采集,研究冰封期和非冰封期浮游植物种类组成、多样性特征及其驱动因子。结果表明,在查干淖尔湖东湖共鉴定出88种浮游植物,隶属于8门10纲24目39科58属,其中冰封期发现36种,主要为绿藻、蓝藻和硅藻,共占85.7%;非冰封期浮游植物种类增至74种,绿藻、硅藻和蓝藻共占91.9%。冰封期具尾逗隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)为优势种,而非冰封期微囊藻属(Microcystis sp.)占主导;冰封期冰中的优势种为环离浮鞘丝藻(Planktothrix circumsuta),水中的浮游植物则以具尾逗隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)为主。非冰封期水中浮游植物的密度和生物量分别是冰封期冰中和水中之和的1.90倍和10.37倍,且非冰封期浮游植物的多样性、均匀度和丰富度普遍高于冰封期;相比之下,冰封期水中的浮游植物群落比冰体中更为多样。非冰封期的水环境更有利于浮游植物生长,而冰封期的冰体有助于减少水体污染物。总氮浓度、降水、冰厚是影响冰封期查干淖尔湖东湖浮游植物的主要因素,而叶绿素a浓度、水温、降水、pH是影响非冰封期浮游植物的主要因素。To investigate the phytoplankton community structure and its driving factors in the east Chagannaoer Lake,samples were collected on February 10,2023(during the ice-covered period)and August 10,2023(during the non-ice-covered period).The study focused on the species composition,diversity characteristics,and driving factors of phytoplankton during both periods,and providing foundational data for the stable development of the east Chagannaoer Lake wetland ecosystem.The results showed that a total of 88 species of phytoplankton were identified,belonging to 8 phyla,10 classes,24 orders,39 families,and 58 genera.During the ice-covered period,36 species of phytoplankton were found,mainly consisting of green algae,cyanobacteria and diatoms,accounting for 85.7%of the total species.During the non-ice-covered period,the number of phytoplankton species increased to 74,with green algae,diatoms and cyanobacteria accounting for 91.9%.During the ice-covered period,Chroomonas caudata was the dominant species,while in the non-ice-covered period,Microcystis sp.dominated.Oedogonium circinatum was the dominant species in the ice during the ice-covered period,whereas in the water,Chroomonas caudata prevailed.The phytoplankton density and biomass in the non-ice-covered period were 1.90 and 10.37 times higher,respectively,than those in the ice-covered period.Moreover,the diversity,evenness,and richness of phytoplankton in the non-ice-covered period were generally higher than those in the ice-covered period.In contrast,the phytoplankton community in the water during the ice-covered period was more diverse than in the ice.The non-ice-covered period provided a more favorable environment for phytoplankton growth,whereas the ice body in the ice-covered period helped to reduce water pollutants.The total nitrogen concentration,precipitation,and ice thickness were the main factors affecting phytoplankton in the east Chagannaoer Lake during the ice-covered period,while Chlorophyll a concentration,water temperature,precipitation,and pH were the m

关 键 词：查干淖尔湖东湖 浮游植物 冰封期 非冰封期 物种组成 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]