咪唑烟酸治理互花米草对土壤微生物群落的影响  

Effects of using imazapyr to remove Spartina alterniflora on soil microbial communities

作　　者：杨景竣 覃杰[1] 田红灯 夏家朗 韦海航 刘秀[1] Yang Jingjun;Qin Jie;Tian Hongdeng;Xia Jialang;Wei Haihang;Liu Xiu(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《湿地科学》2025年第1期190-200,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB23026057);广西林业科技推广示范项目(2023GXLK07);中央财政林草科技推广示范项目([2023]TG28号)资助。

摘　　要：中国互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的化学治理尚处于起步阶段,化学药剂在使用过程中对生态系统的影响仍不十分清楚。为了了解咪唑烟酸治理互花米草的生态效应,对比研究了喷施25%浓度咪唑烟酸(Imazapyr)水剂(17.91 L/hm2)的实验组和未喷施药剂的对照组土壤微生物群落的时间变化特征。结果表明,实验组与对照组土壤微生物多样性无显著差异,但同一处理下微生物多样性在不同时间点存在显著差异;咪唑烟酸会影响放线菌门、接合菌门等个别微生物类群的相对丰度,但对大部分微生物类群的影响较小;在喷施药剂后的前6天,细菌群落结构变化较大,但真菌群落结构无显著变化;实验组与对照组的细菌群落代谢通路无显著差异,而真菌群落代谢通路存在显著差异;实验组与对照组细菌共同差异代谢通路占比的时间变化规律一致,而真菌则相反。综上,咪唑烟酸对土壤微生物多样性的影响不大,其主要影响细菌群落结构而非真菌群落结构,但对真菌群落功能的影响大于细菌群落功能。In China,the control of Spartina alterniflora in a chemical way is in its initial stage,and the effects of chemical drugs on ecosystems during use are not well understood.In order to provide a scientific basis for using imazapyr to remove S.alterniflora,we investigated the temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities in the experimental plot(sprayed with 25%imazapyr aqueous solution,17.91 L/hm2)and the control plot(not sprayed with the imazapyr).The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil microbial diversity between the experimental plot and the control plot,but there were significant differences in soil microbial diversity at different times under the same treatment.Imazapyr only affected the relative abundance of a samll group of microbes(e.g.,Actinobacteriota,Zygomycota,etc.).In the first 6 days after spraying imazapyr,the bacterial community structure changed greatly,but the imazapyr had no significant effect on fungal community structure.There was no significant difference between experimental plot and control plot in the proportion of metabolic pathways of bacterial community,but there was a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic pathways of fungal community.The proportion of common significant difference metabolic pathways of bacteria in the experimental plot and the control plot had a similar trend with time changing,while fungi were the opposite.In conclusion,imazapyr had little effect on soil microbial diversity,and it mainly affected the bacterial community structure ranther than fungal community structure,while fungal community function was more affected by imazapyr than the bacterial community.

关 键 词：咪唑烟酸 互花米草(Spartina alterniflora) 化学治理 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S482.49[农业科学—农药学] Q938.1[农业科学—植物保护]