冷库蒸发器表面结霜特性的模拟研究  

Simulation study on frost formation characteristics on the surface of cold storage evaporator

作　　者：张福清 姚晔[1] 渠海燕 崔波 ZHANG Fuqing;YAO Ye;QU Haiyan;CUI Bo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Jinan Dasen Refrigeration Technology Company Limited,Jinan,Shandong 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]济南大森制冷科技有限公司,山东济南250000

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2025年第2期119-128,共10页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52376064)。

摘　　要：针对冷库蒸发器结霜导致换热效率显著下降、对冷库造成损坏的问题,基于传热传质理论,结合实际冷库数据,建立了一个适用于冷库结霜状态的空气传热系数修正关系式,并构建了冷库蒸发器表面结霜动态模型,然后借助冷库蒸发器表面结霜实验平台验证该模型的准确性,探讨不同回风温度、回风湿度及风速条件对霜层生长及蒸发器换热效率的影响。结果表明:增加回风湿度以及风速、降低回风温度,均会加速蒸发器表面的结霜进程;高湿度(0.6 g/kg)、低温度(-22℃)工况会提高霜层厚度的增长速率和蒸发器换热效率的下降速率;高风速(4.4 m/s)工况会提高霜层表面温度,结霜驱动力减小。建立的蒸发器结霜模型较为贴近实际工况,为冷库除霜控制策略提供了一定的模型基础与理论参考。Aiming at the frosting problem of evaporators in cold storage leading to significant decrease in heat transfer efficiency and damage to the cold storage,based on the theory of heat and mass transfer,combined with actual cold storage data,a modified relationship for the air heat transfer coefficient applicable to the frosting state of cold storage was established,and a dynamic model of frosting on the surface of the cold storage evaporator was constructed.The accuracy of the model was verified by using the frosting experimental platform on the surface of the cold storage evaporator.The effects of different return air temperature,return air humidity,and wind speed conditions on the growth of frost layer and the heat transfer efficiency of the evaporator were discussed.The results show that the frosting process on the surface of the evaporator can be accelerated by increasing the return air humidity and wind speed,as well as reducing the return air temperature.High humidity(0.6 g/kg)and low temperature(-22℃)conditions will increase the growth rate of frost layer thickness and the decrease rate of heat transfer efficiency of the evaporator.In high wind speed(4.4 m/s)conditions,the surface temperature of the frost layer is increased,and the driving force for frosting is reduced.The established frost formation model for evaporators is comparatively close to actual operating conditions,which provides a solid model foundation and theoretical reference for defrosting control strategies in cold storage.

关 键 词：制冷与低温工程 结霜动态模型 冷库 蒸发器 霜层厚度 换热效率 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程]