锌/硫共掺杂硬碳材料的储钠性能研究  

Study on sodium storage performance of zinc/sulfur co-doped hard carbon materials

作　　者：曹伟 徐晓阳 张向京[1] 许跃龙[2] CAO Wei;XU Xiaoyang;ZHANG Xiangjing;XU Yuelong(School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;Institute of Energy,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学化学与制药工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北省科学院能源所,河北石家庄050081

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2025年第2期186-195,共10页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22375056);河北省自然科学基金(B2024208006);河北省科学院科技计划项目(24703)。

摘　　要：为了提升硬碳材料(HC)储钠容量、改善循环稳定性和倍率性能,采用高温热解法来实现不同杂原子(Zn、S及Zn/S共掺杂)对硬碳材料的掺杂。在高温碳化过程中,氯化锌、三聚硫氰酸热解生成ZnS颗粒不断刻蚀碳骨架,形成丰富的孔隙结构来增加活性位点;在Zn/S共掺杂时将热解温度调至1050℃,经酸化处理得到H-Zn/S-HC-1050碳材料,并对材料的组成、微观结构进行表征和电化学性能测试。结果表明,H-Zn/S-HC-1050碳材料在50 mA/g电流密度下可逆放电比容量为276.26 mA·h/g,相较于原始的Zn/S-HC碳材料比容量239.26 mA·h/g提高了15.46%,同时在100 mA/g电流密度下进行100圈充放电循环后仍保持201.65 mA·h/g可逆比容量。改性后的H-Zn/S-HC-1050碳材料通过优化碳化程度、减少杂质附着,能充分发挥出Zn/S共掺杂的协同效应,为开发高性能硬碳材料提供了参考。To enhance the sodium storage capacity,cycling stability and rate performance of hard carbon(HC)materials,high-temperature pyrolysis was employed to achieve doping of various heteroatoms(Zn,S,and Zn/S co-doping)into the HC materials.Using the continuous etching of the carbon framework by ZnS particles,which were formed during the pyrolysis of carbon precursors,abundant pore structures were generated to increase the number of active sites.During Zn/S co-doping process,the pyrolysis temperature was adjusted to 1050℃and the H-Zn/S-HC-1050 carbon material was obtained after acid treatment.The composition and microstructure of the material were characterized,and its electrochemical performance was tested.The results indicate that the reversible discharge specific capacity of H-Zn/S-HC-1050 carbon material was 276.26 mA·h/g at a current density of 50 mA/g,which was 15.46%higher than the original Zn/S-HC carbon material with a specific capacity of 239.26 mA·h/g;After 100 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g,reversible specific capacity still maintains at 201.65 mA·h/g.The modified H-Zn/S-HC-1050 carbon material can fully leverage the synergistic effect of Zn/S co-doping through optimizing carbonization and reducing impurity attachment,which provides some reference for the development of high-performance hard carbon materials.

关 键 词：电池 硬碳材料 杂原子掺杂 改性策略 微观结构 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]