铜基催化剂上CO_(2)加氢制甲醇研究现状与展望  

State of the art and perspectives in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol over Cu based catalysts

作　　者：赵挺 高腾飞 杨阳 徐冬 韩涛 邓博文 米尔根·扁布 ZHAO Ting;GAO Tengfei;YANG Yang;XU Dong;HAN Tao;DENG Bowen;MIERGEN Bianbu(New Energy Technology Research Institute,China Energy,Beijing 102209,China;North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司,北京102209 [2]华北电力大学,北京102206

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2025年第3期104-119,共16页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFB4006600)。

摘　　要：CO_(2)加氢制甲醇是一种重要的合成清洁燃料和绿色基础化工原料的技术,也是一种有效的碳消纳技术,是我国碳中和技术体系的重要组成部分,具有显著的经济和环境意义。在CO_(2)加氢制甲醇技术的研究中,高活性、高甲醇选择性和高稳定性催化剂的开发至关重要。铜基催化剂受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注,但由于CO_(2)分子的化学惰性及易发生副反应,CO_(2)的活化和向甲醇产物的选择性转化极具挑战性,目前仍存在CO_(2)单程转化率低、甲醇选择性不足和催化剂易失活等关键问题。系统综述了铜基催化剂在CO_(2)加氢制甲醇中的研究进展,分析了CO_(2)加氢制甲醇反应热力学与动力学,以及反应机理;阐述了催化剂的活性位点、各种载体和助剂的优势和局限;讨论了反应气氛中水对催化剂及反应过程的影响,最后对CO_(2)加氢制甲醇用铜基催化剂的创新性研究提出展望,旨在为高效铜基催化剂开发和反应过程与机理研究提供参考,进而推动CO_(2)加氢制甲醇技术的开发。CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol is an important technology for synthesizing green fuels and basic chemical materials,as well as an effective carbon consumption technology and an important part of carbon neutrality technology system,which exhibits remarkably economic and environmental significance.The development of catalysts with high activity,high selectivity,and high stability is of great importance for the research of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol technology.Copper-based catalysts have aroused a lot of attention from academia and industry.However,due to the chemical inertness of CO_(2)and the easy side reactions,the activation of CO_(2)and selective conversion to methanol are extremely challenging.Currently,there are still key challenges such as low CO_(2)conversion,insufficient methanol selectivity,and catalyst deactivation.Herein,the recent research progresses of copper-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol were systematically summarized.The reaction thermodynamics,kinetics,and reaction mechanism were analyzed.Catalyst active sites and the advantages/limitations of various carriers and promoters were elaborated.Besides,the influence of water in the reaction atmosphere on the catalyst and the reaction process were discussed.Finally,prospects for innovative research on copper-based catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol were proposed.This review aims to provide insights for the development of efficient copper-based catalysts and the research on reaction processes and mechanisms,thereby promoting the development of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol technology.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 甲醇 铜基催化剂 反应机理 活性位点 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ426[化学工程]