烟气冷凝喷淋协同脱除多种污染物的试验  

Experimental on synergistic removal of multiple pollutants by flue gas condensation scrubbing

作　　者：惠保安 柴冬青 徐学智 王连喜 王宜民 李乾 殷晓杰 黄宇 刘雪霞 包雯菲 张洞宇 李玉忠[2] HUI Baoan;CHAI Dongqing;XU Xuezhi;WANG Lianxi;WANG Yimin;LI Qian;YIN Xiaojie;HUANG Yu;LIU Xuexia;BAO Wenfei;ZHANG Dongyu;LI Yuzhong(Shandong Yankuang Jisan Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Jining 272069,China;School of Nuclear Science,Energy and power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Shandong Qixing Intelligent Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250105,China)

机构地区：[1]山东兖矿济三电力有限公司,山东济宁272069 [2]山东大学核科学与能源动力学院,山东济南250061 [3]山东七星智能装备科技有限公司,山东济南250105

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2025年第3期166-173,共8页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上资助项目(ZR2023ME015);济南市科研带头人工作室资助项目(20233064);济南市科技计划资助项目(202323005)。

摘　　要：虽然常规燃煤污染物已实现超低排放,但是SO_(3)、可凝结颗粒物等非常规污染物的控制问题还未得到解决。为实现常规和非常规污染物的协同控制,研究了燃煤烟气在冷凝喷淋过程中多种污染物(包括可过滤颗粒物、SO_(2)、SO_(3)、可凝结颗粒物)的协同脱除技术。在一台440 t/h的循环流化床燃煤锅炉尾部烟道搭建了1000 Nm^(3)/h规模的试验系统旁路,对烟气先后进行增湿喷淋和冷凝喷淋处理,多工况下测试了冷凝喷淋协同脱除多种污染物的效率,分析了脱除机理和效率变化影响规律,确定了最佳的运行参数范围。结果显示:在烟气冷凝喷淋过程中,在液气比4.4~5.4 L/m^(3)、喷淋温度18.8~28.1℃的工况范围,可过滤颗粒物的脱除效率为81.9%~100%,SO_(3)的脱除效率为85.5%~93.5%,SO_(2)的脱除效率为84.8%~99.9%,可凝结颗粒物的脱除效率为14.8%~55.4%;协同脱除机理包括:水蒸气在冷液滴表面凝结所引发的扩散泳对细颗粒物、气溶胶态SO_(3)的凝并作用,低温喷淋液滴对SO_(2)、气态SO_(3)、可凝结颗粒物气态前体物的溶解吸收作用,烟气降温对可凝结颗粒物凝结的促进作用等;脱除效率随着喷淋温度的降低和液气比的提高而提高。以上结果表明烟气冷凝喷淋技术能够有效协同脱除多种污染物,对进一步提高燃煤污染物控制水平具有重要意义。Although conventional coal-fired pollutants have achieved ultra-low emissions,the control of unconventional pollutants such as SO_(3) and condensable particulate matter has not yet been resolved.In order to achieve the synergistic control of conventional and unconventional pollutants,this work studies the synergistic removal technology of multiple pollutants in coal-fired flue gas during the condensation scrubbing process,including filterable particulate matter,SO_(2),SO_(3),and condensable particulate matter.A 1000 Nm^(3)/h experimental system was built as a bypass of the tail flue of a 440 t/h circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boiler,and the flue gas was treated with humidification spray and condensation spray successively.The removal efficiency of various pollutants was tested under multiple operating conditions.The removal mechanisms and influence laws were analyzed.The optimal operating parameter range was determined.The results showed that in the process of flue gas condensation scrubbing,the removal efficiencies of filterable particulate matter,SO_(3),SO_(2),and condensable particulate matter were 81.9%-100%,85.5%-93.5%,84.8%-99.9%,and 14.8%-55.4%respectively within the operating range of liquid to gas ratio of 4.4-5.4 L/m^(3) and spray temperature of 18.8-28.1℃;The synergistic removal mechanism includes:the coagulation of fine particles and aerosol SO_(3) induced by the diffusiophoresis caused by the vapor condensation on the surface of cold droplets,the absorption of SO_(2),gaseous SO_(3),and gaseous precursors of condensable particulate matter by low-temperature spraying droplets,and the condensation of condensable particulate matter promoted by flue gas cooling.The removal efficiencies increase with the decrease of spray temperature and the increase of liquid to gas ratio.The results suggested that condensation spray technology can effectively remove multiple pollutants,thereby being of great significance for further improving the level of coal-fired pollutant control.

关 键 词：燃煤污染物治理 细颗粒物 三氧化硫 可凝结颗粒物 烟气脱硫 烟气冷凝 协同脱除 

分 类 号：X773[环境科学与工程—环境工程]