新时代以来中国政区之演变趋势、主要问题与改革方略  

The Evolution Trends,Main Challenges,and Reform Strategies of China's Administrative Divisions Since the New Era

作　　者：陶希东[1] 马冰冰 TAO Xidong;MA Bingbing

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院智库研究中心 [2]上海社会科学院社会学研究所

出　　处：《理论与现代化》2025年第2期64-77,共14页Theory and Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“全球大城市创建韧性城市的实践模式与中国经验研究”,项目编号:23BSH104。

摘　　要：行政区划是国家权力的空间投影,其本身也是一种重要的资源。顺应国内外政治经济形势的发展,适时推动政区制度的改革创新,构筑科学、规范、高效的行政区划体系,是提高资源配置效率、推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要制度保障。自党的十八大以来,国家以城市型政区为重点,稳步推行了撤县设市、撤县设区、镇改市、基层合并调整等诸多改革,使得全国行政区划格局发生了一定程度的新变化,呈现出新特点,形成党中央加强领导、依法统筹管理等改革经验。从全面推动中国式现代化发展新征程的视角来看,我国省级政区、城市政区、县域政区、基层政区等依然存在诸多不适应性问题。在全面分析调整历史和现实问题的基础上,从顶层设计的角度,本文提出我国不同层级、不同类型政区改革创新的总体性思路和策略。Administrative divisions,serve as the spatial projection of national power,and an important resource in their own right,require institutional innovation aligned with evolving domestic and international political-economic dynamics.Establishing scientific,standardized,and efficient administrative systems is fundamental to optimizing resource allocation and advancing the modernization of China's governance framework.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,urban-focused reforms-including county-to-city conversions,county-to-district restructuring,town-to-city upgrades,and grassroots mergers-have reshaped the national administrative landscape.These initiatives have led to a certain degree of new institutional patterns,accumulating reform experience such as strengthening the leadership of the Party Central Committee and legally-grounded coordination.However,challenges persist across China's provincial-level divisions,urban administrative regions,county-level jurisdictions,and grass-roots units in meeting the demands of comprehensively advancing Chinese-style modernization.On the basis of a systematic analysis of historical and practical adjustments,this study proposes overall reform strategies in multi-tiered administrative divisions through top-level institutional design.

关 键 词：政区格局 演变趋势 主要问题 改革方略 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济]