外回流强化高速公路服务区污水生物膜工艺运行性能的研究  

Operational performance of biofilm process of highway service area wastewater enhanced by external return flow

作　　者：张淇瑞 王伟[1] 沈浩 周凯[2,3] 黄青飞 ZHANG Qirui;WANG Wei;SHEN Hao;ZHOU Kai;HUANG Qingfei(College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Anhui Sunyu Water Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 231131,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230009 [3]安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司,合肥231131

出　　处：《工业用水与废水》2025年第2期37-44,共8页Industrial Water & Wastewater

基　　金：安徽省生态环境科研项目(2023hb0003);合肥市关键共性技术研发(GJ2022SH10)。

摘　　要：针对国内高速公路服务区污水排放间断性强、水量波动大,导致生化工艺难以稳定运行的问题,利用外部回流将生物膜工艺的间歇进水模式改变为连续进水模式,考察连续和间歇进水模式对系统的微生物挂膜和脱氮效能的影响,分析生物膜硝化与反硝化活性、生物量和胞外聚合物含量变化,解析生物膜群落结构特征。研究结果表明连续进水组脱氮性能与抗水力冲击能力强于间歇进水组。在5倍进水水量冲击条件下,连续进水组NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN的平均去除率较间歇进水组分别提升了22.60%和13.57%。连续进水模式能够显著提高生物膜的硝化与反硝化活性、挂膜生物量和胞外聚合物的分泌。菌群分析表明连续进水模式有助于富集硝化菌Chloroflexi、norank_f_Caldilineaceae,进而强化系统的NH_(4)^(+)-N去除与抗水力冲击的能力。As domestic highway service area wastewater discharge generally exists problems of strong intermittent water intake and large fluctuation of water volume,which lead to the difficulty of stable operation of biochemical process,external return flow was adopted to change intermittent water intake mode of the biofilm process to continuous water intake mode;besides,the effect of the above two modes on microbial membrane hanging and denitrification performance of the system were investigated,The variation situations of nitrification and denitrification activities of biofilm,biomass,extracellular polymeric substance concentration were analyzed;the biofilm community structure characteristics were also analyzed at the same time.The study results showed that,the denitrification performance and hydraulic shock resistance of the continuous water intake group were better than that of the intermittent water intake group.The average removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN in the continuous water intake group were 22.60%and 13.57%higher than that in the intermittent water intake group under the condition of 5 times of the influent water impact.The continuous water intake mode could significantly improve the nitrification and denitrification activities of the biofilm,the biomass of the membrane and the secretion of extracellular polymers were also increased.The flora analysis showed that the continuous water intake mode helped to enrich the nitrifying bacteria Chloroflexi,norank_f_Caldilineaceae,and thus strengthened the NH_(4)^(+)-N removal and hydrodynamic shock resistance of the system.

关 键 词：高速公路服务区污水 进水模式 生物膜 胞外聚合物 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]