化学打顶对长绒棉农艺、产量及品质性状的影响  

Effects on Agronomic,Yield and Quality Traits of Long-staple Cotton:Different Spraying Doses of Chemical Topping

作　　者：杜斌 刘霞 王承强 田楠 刘露 白玉林 DU Bin;LIU Xia;WANG Chengqiang;TIAN Nan;LIU Lu;BAI Yulin(Changji Esquel Textile Co.,LTD.,Changji,Xinjiang 831100;Xinjiang Cotton Spinning Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830054)

机构地区：[1]昌吉溢达纺织有限公司,新疆昌吉831100 [2]新疆棉纺工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第10期32-37,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅重大科技专项“机采棉新品种培育及技术示范”(2021A02001-4)。

摘　　要：为明确化学打顶剂对长绒棉农艺、产量及品质性状的影响,以长势强、节间长的‘元龙39号’和长势稳健、节间短的‘元龙62号’为试验材料,采用随机区组试验,设置4个喷施剂量,分析2种类型长绒棉对化学打顶的响应。结果表明,化学打顶后长绒棉株高、果枝数、株高增长量、单株铃数随喷施剂量增加呈递减的趋势,60%以上的成铃集中在5~12台果枝;化学打顶对长绒棉铃重、衣分、产量没有影响,而马克隆值、成熟度有升高的趋势。化学打顶后‘元龙62号’仍有较多的新生果枝,且能形成有效铃,具有增产的潜力;而‘元龙39号’对化学打顶剂敏感,高剂量下新生果枝有限,有效铃形成少,影响最终产量。综合来看,2个品种上喷施1125 mL/hm^(2)化学打顶剂+150 g/hm^(2)98%可溶性粉剂能替代人工打顶,在控制株高等农艺性状的同时,确保了产量和品质。In order to clarify the effects of chemical topping on agronomic,yield and quality traits of longstaple cotton,‘YL39’with vigorous growth and long internodes and‘YL62’with steady growth and short internodes were used as test materials,and a randomized block test was conducted with four spraying doses to analyze the response of different types of long-staple cotton to chemical topping.The results showed that:the increase of plant height,number of fruiting branches,plant height growth and bolls per plant after chemical topping showed a decreasing trend with the increase of spraying dose,and more than 60%of the bolls of the two materials were concentrated in 5-12 fruiting branches;chemical topping had no effect on the boll weight,lint,yield;there was a tendency to increase the micronaire value and maturity after chemical topping.‘YL62’had more newborn fruiting branches and effective bolls after chemical topping,which had good yield potential;‘YL39’was more sensitive to chemical topping,with limited newborn fruiting branches and less effective bolls at high doses,which affected the final yield.On the whole,the spraying of chemical topping agent 1125 mL/hm^(2)+150 g/hm^(2)98%mepiquat soluble powder can replace manual topping,which can control growth and ensure yield and quality.

关 键 词：长绒棉 化学打顶 喷施剂量 农艺性状 产量 纤维品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]