冷等离子体技术在种子处理和植物生长中的研究进展  

Cold Plasma Technology in Seed Treatment and Plant Growth:A Review

作　　者：赵欣茹 邢聪颖 叶子帆 刘振中[1] 梁珂 ZHAO Xinru;XING Congying;YE Zifan;LIU Zhenzhong;LIANG Ke(Apple E&T Research Centre of Shaanxi Province/College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Power Engineering Institute,Chongqing Electric Power College,Chongqing 400053)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院/陕西省工程技术研究中心,陕西杨陵712100 [2]重庆电力高等专科学校电力工程学院,重庆400053

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第10期45-51,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27);西北农林科技大学推广专项(TGZX2023-10);西北农林科技大学渭南试验示范站建设项目(2023WNXNZX-1)。

摘　　要：鉴于全球人口持续增长与气候急剧变化的严峻形势,确保粮食安全的紧迫性日益凸显,迫切需要一种经济、有效和实用的技术手段提高农作物产量、减少病虫害的发生。近年来,冷等离子体技术因体系温度低、绿色环保、无残留、效率高等优点,在种子处理和激活植物内部生理生化状态进而提高抗逆性、产量方面效果显著,被广泛应用于农业领域。文章综述了冷等离子体技术在种子消毒、打破种子休眠促进萌发、提升植株抗性及提高产量等方面取得的进展,分析阐述了该技术主要活性成分以及其在物理化学、生理生化层面的作用机制。此外,文章指出,冷等离子体处理不同对象时的主要活性成分、参数配置不同。Cold plasma technology has gained significant traction in agriculture due to its advantages,including low operational temperature,green,residue-free,high efficiency,and remarkable effectiveness in seed treatment,as well as in activating the internal physiological and biochemical processes of plants to improve resistance and yield.This paper reviews the progress of cold plasma technology in seed disinfection,breaking seed dormancy to promote germination,enhancing plant resistance,and increasing yield,etc.Furthermore,this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the primary active ingredients of this technology and elucidates their mechanisms of action at the physicochemical,physiological and biochemical levels.In view of the differences in physical,chemical and physiological effects of different treatment objects after discharge by different types of cold plasma equipment,the future research direction is proposed:optimizing and establishing cold plasma treatment system,and clarifying the long-term effect of cold plasma treatment on the phenotypic genetic changes of plant growth cycle.

关 键 词：冷等离子体 种子处理 抗逆性 生物效应 等离子体活化水 活性氧 活性氮 介质阻挡放电 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学]