新型氢肥材料在冬瓜育苗中的应用  

Application of Hydrogen Fertilizer in Seedling Cultivation of Wax Gourd

作　　者：朱雪梅 常静静 李嘉炜 吴金怡 李静 陈潇 宋钊[1] 陈雷 张白鸽[1] 张轶婷[2] ZHU Xuemei;CHANG Jingjing;LI Jiawei;WU Jinyi;LI Jing;CHEN Xiao;SONG Zhao;CHEN Lei;ZHANG Baige;ZHANG Yiting(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetable,Guangzhou 510640;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/广东省蔬菜新技术研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第10期58-65,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目“工厂化高效嫁接育苗技术及装备研究与示范”(2023B0202110001);广东省农业科学院科技人才引进专项资金项目(R2022YJ-YB3001);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系广州综合试验站(CARS-23-G50);2023年广东省乡村振兴战略专项种业振兴行动项目“蔬菜优良品种种苗繁育及产业化”。

摘　　要：探究新型氢肥材料对冬瓜幼苗生长的影响,明确氢肥在冬瓜育苗上的使用量,为利用氢肥培育冬瓜壮苗提供理论依据和数据支撑。以‘铁柱2号’黑皮冬瓜为研究对象,设置5种氢肥用量梯度,采用氢肥与育苗基质混合的方式,研究不同氢肥用量对冬瓜种子播种后的出苗率、幼苗生长状况、壮苗指数、根系形态、叶绿素含量等指标的影响。结果表明,氢肥处理对冬瓜幼苗生长存在剂量效应,对照(不加氢肥)和5种氢肥用量处理的壮苗指数分别为1.05、1.49、1.52、1.55、1.46、0.99。综合分析苗期的各项指标发现,氢肥:基质为1 kg:3000 L(H2)的处理效果较好。与对照相比,H2处理的冬瓜幼苗出苗率提高了17.5%,壮苗指数提高了45.6%,根尖数提高了23.5%,叶绿素a含量提高了25.8%。氢肥用量过高(氢肥基质>1 kg:1000 L)对冬瓜的出苗率没有显著影响,但会抑制冬瓜幼苗生长,降低壮苗指数。氢肥处理可提高冬瓜的出苗率和整齐度,促进冬瓜幼苗生长,有利于培育壮苗,但需注意施用量,氢肥和基质的用量比例为1 kg:3000 L效果较好,用量过高易产生负面效果。This study aims to explore the impact of a novel hydrogen fertilizer material on the growth of wax gourd seedlings,determine the optimal dosage of hydrogen fertilizer for wax gourd seedling cultivation,and provide a theoretical basis and data support for cultivating robust seedlings using hydrogen fertilizer.The black-skinned wax gourd‘Tiezhu 2’was used as experimental material.This research established five gradients of hydrogen fertilizer application and conducted experiments by incorporating the hydrogen fertilizer into the seedling substrate,to investigate its effects on the emergence rate,seedling growth,sound seedling index,root morphology and chlorophyll content in wax gourd.The application of hydrogen fertilizer exhibited a dose-dependent effect on the growth of wax gourd seedlings,with the control(no hydrogenation fertilizer)and five different dosage of hydrogen fertilizer resulting in sound seedling indexes of 1.05,1.49,1.52,1.55,1.46,and 0.99,respectively.Comprehensive analysis found that the treatment with a hydrogen fertilizer to substrate ratio of 1 kg:3000 L(H2)had better efficacy.Compared to the control,wax gourd seedling treated with H2 exhibited a 17.5%increase in seedling emergence rate,a 45.6%improvement in sound seedling index,a 23.5%increase in the number of root tips,and a 25.8%increase in the chlorophyll a content.Excessive application of hydrogen fertilizer(hydrogen fertilizer:substrate>1 kg:1000 L)did not significantly affect the emergence rate of wax gourd but inhibited the growth of seedlings and reduced sound seedling index.Hydrogen fertilizer improves the emergence rate and uniformity of wax gourd,stimulates seedlings growth,and is beneficial for cultivating robust seedlings.However,it is important to note the application dosage.The optimal hydrogen fertilizer-to-substrate is 1 kg:3000 L,as excessive dosages can produce adverse effects.

关 键 词：氢肥 冬瓜 育苗 出苗率 根系形态 壮苗指数 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S604[农业科学—园艺学]