离体梨树叶对不同形态硒的吸收及抗氧化反应  

Study of Absorption and Antioxidant Response in Excised Pear Tree Leaves to Different Forms of Selenium

作　　者：唐鹏兴 闫加力 赵敏 涂书新[1] TANG Pengxing;YAN Jiali;ZHAO Min;TU Shuxin(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070;Hubei Geological Sciences Institute(Hubei Institute of Selenium Industry Research),Wuhan 430034)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北省地质科学研究院(湖北省富硒产业研究院),武汉430034

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第10期72-80,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖北省地质局科技项目“湖北省土地质量生态地球化学综合评价与监测预警关键技术研究”(KJ2022-2);湖北省地质局科技项目“湖北省汉江流域区土壤生态地球化学与健康地质研究”(KJ2024-4);广西科技重大专项“富硒土壤资源高效安全利用”(桂科AA17202026)。

摘　　要：探究作物对不同形态硒的吸收利用和转化对于开发新型高效的农产品富硒技术具有重要意义。本研究以离体梨树叶片为材料,探讨2种陪伴阴离子(SiO_(3)^(2-)、SO_(4)^(2-))影响下,梨树叶对不同浓度(0、50、500μmol/L)亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3)、硒酸钠(Na_(2)SeO_(4))和硒蛋氨酸(SeMet)3种硒形态的吸收利用及抗氧化反应。结果表明,3种形态硒(SeO_(3)^(2-)、SeMet、SeO_(4)^(2-))处理后,离体树叶平均硒含量分别为7.89、0.20、0.14 mg/kg,显然,对SeO_(3)^(2-)形态的吸收远大于SeMet和SeO_(4)^(2-)形态。硒添加浓度越高叶片硒含量越高。2种陪伴阴离子不影响SeO_(3)^(2-)的吸收,但SiO_(3)^(2-)有提高SeO_(4)^(2-)和SeMet处理吸收硒的趋势,其中高浓度(500μmol/L)SeO_(4)^(2-)、低浓度(50μmol/L)SeMet处理叶片硒含量较对照分别显著增加19.90%、170.00%。SO_(4)^(2-)降低SeO_(4)^(2-)吸收,其中500μmol/L SeO_(4)^(2-)处理较对照显著降低59.89%,但增加SeMet的吸收,其中50μmol/L SeMet处理较对照显著增加102.38%。3种形态的硒均降低叶片SOD和POD活性,而提高CAT活性和GSH含量。此外,低浓度的SeO_(3)^(2-)和SeO_(4)^(2-)处理降低MDA含量。研究表明,SeO_(3)^(2-)是更易被梨树叶片吸收的形态。Investigating the absorption,utilization,and transformation of different forms of selenium by crops is of great significance for the development of new and efficient selenium-enriched agricultural techniques.In this study,we used excised pear tree leaves to explore the absorption,utilization,antioxidant response,and the influence of two accompanying anions,silicate(SiO33-)and sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),on three forms of selenium:sodium selenite(Na2SeO3),sodium selenate(Na_(2)SeO_(4)),and selenomethionine(SeMet).The results showed that after treatment with the three forms of selenium(SeO_(3)^(2-),SeMet,SeO_(4)^(2-)),the average selenium contents in the excised leaves were 7.89,0.20 and 0.14 mg/kg,respectively.Obviously,the absorption of SeO_(3)^(2-)form was much greater than that of SeMet and SeO_(4)^(2-)forms.The higher the selenium addition concentration,the higher the selenium content in the leaves.Two accompanying anions had no impact on SeO_(3)^(2-)absorption.But SiO_(3)^(2-)tended to boost SeO_(4)^(2-)and SeMet uptake.At 500μmol/L SeO_(4)^(2-),leaf Se content rose 19.90%vs control;at 50μmol/L SeMet,it jumped 170.00%vs control.SO_(4)^(2-)cut SeO_(4)^(2-)uptake by 59.89%at 500μmol/L vs control,but hiked SeMet uptake by 102.38%at 50μmol/L vs control.All three forms of selenium reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD),while increasing the activity of catalase(CAT)and the content of reduced glutathione(GSH)in the leaves.Additionally,low concentrations of SeO_(3)^(2-)and SeO_(4)^(2-)treatments reduced the content of malondialdehyde(MDA).The results of this study indicate that SeO_(3)^(2-)is the preferred form of selenium for absorption by pear tree leaves.

关 键 词：硒形态 吸收 抗氧化 陪伴离子 离体叶片 叶面肥 果树 富硒农产品 

分 类 号：S131[农业科学—农业基础科学]