从国防教育到国家认同:内地高校港澳学生军训实践与启示  

From National Defense Education to National Identity:Military Training Practices and Insights for Hong Kong and Macao Students in Chinese Mainland Universities

作　　者：黄欢 赵家烨 HUANG Huan;ZHAO Jiaye

机构地区：[1]暨南大学党委政治保卫部/人民武装部 [2]暨南大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期1-14,共14页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：广东省国防教育课题“总体国家安全观视域下内地高校港澳台侨学生国防教育体系研究”(SL22ZD01);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“暨南大学科技安全影响因素研究”(21622801)。

摘　　要：全面加强港澳学生国防教育是港澳学生铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要手段,是跨政治、教育、文化、军事领域的交叉问题。本文在铸牢中华民族共同体意识的视域下,结合文献梳理与实地调研,探究内地高校开展港澳学生军事技能训练的历史和现状。研究发现:内地高校对港澳学生军训存在三种不同的态度和情形,分别是将军训列入港澳学生必修课全训、港澳学生自愿申请经学校同意后军训、港澳学生不参加军训(国情类课程替代);并从国家层面、学校层面、学生层面、军训内容层面分析其原因,进而探讨内地高校在铸牢中华民族共同体意识视域下有效促进港澳学生军事技能训练的实施路径,一是依据2020年新修订《中华人民共和国国防法》修订港澳学生军训法规;二是将军训纳入港澳学生培养方案,形成军训+国情教育课程体系;三是强化宣传引导,发动港澳学生积极军训;四是在共通融合中军训,增进港澳学生和内地学生之间的广泛交往、交流与交融;五是在国防教育中讲好内地与港澳共同保家卫国的爱国主义共情故事。Comprehensively strengthening national defense education for students from Hong Kong and Macao is a crucial means to foster their sense of the Chinese national community,representing an interdisciplinary issue spanning politics,education,culture,and military affairs.Based on the goal of consolidating the consciousness of the Chinese national community,this paper focuses on the role of national defense education in strengthening students national identity.Through a combination of literature review and field research,it explores the history and current state of military training for Hong Kong and Macao students in Chinese mainland universities.This paper reveals three different policies regarding military training for Hong Kong and Macao students in Chinese mainland universities:mandatory participation,voluntary participation(with school approval),and complete exemption.This study examines the reasons for adopting these policies from four perspectives:national-level policies,institutional-level decisions,student-level factors,and the content of military training programs.Findings show that national defense education strengthens Hong Kong and Macao students identification with China,its culture,the Communist Party of China(CPC),and socialism with Chinese characteristics.Without it,their national identity weakens,potentially leading to mistaken self-identification as foreign students.In addition,this paper further investigates the interrelationship between forging the consciousness of the Chinese national community and national defense education.Findings demonstrate their sharing of aligned objectives,synchronized logical mechanisms,mutually embedded values,and coordinated advancement approaches.Therefore,national defense education serves as an effective means to strengthen the consciousness of the Chinese national community.Joint military training for Hong Kong/Macao students with Chinese mainland students can enhance the former s national and cultural identity,while promoting extensive exchanges and integration bet

关 键 词：港澳学生 内地高校 军事技能训练 铸牢中华民族共同体意识 爱国主义教育 

分 类 号：D643[政治法律—政治学]