纳米非晶陶瓷及其塑性变形研究进展  

Research Progress on Nanostructured Amorphous Ceramics and Their Plastic Deformation

作　　者：许西庆 郭旭森 王江林 王竖淮 赵瑞 王楠[1] XU Xiqing;GUO Xusen;WANG Jianglin;WANG Shuhuai;ZHAO Rui;WANG Nan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710064

出　　处：《中国陶瓷》2025年第4期1-8,共8页China Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52102062);中央高校基础研究基金(CHD300102312406);西安市科技计划项目(23LLRH0004)。

摘　　要：纳米非晶陶瓷由纳米级的非晶陶瓷颗粒以及颗粒之间的非晶界面构成,是利用高压环境(常温或高温)对非晶陶瓷纳米颗粒压制成型,使颗粒间的界面相互连接而成的一类新型陶瓷材料。相比于非晶颗粒区域,非晶界面具有更多的自由体积,其元素组成、键角和配位数也存在一定差异,这种结构使纳米非晶陶瓷表现出不同于传统玻璃和多晶陶瓷的独特性能。理论计算和实验研究均表明,纳米非晶陶瓷可以表现出特殊的塑性变形,对于解决陶瓷固有的脆性问题具有重要意义。鉴于纳米非晶陶瓷制备与表征的困难性,该领域研究较少且发展缓慢。文章综述了纳米非晶陶瓷的制备方法、微结构及其塑性变形研究现状,并对其未来趋势进行了展望。Nanostructured amorphous ceramics are a new class of ceramic materials consisting of nanoscale amorphous ceramic particles and amorphous interfaces between the particles.They are formed by the molding of amorphous ceramic nanoparticles under high pressure environment(at room temperature or high temperature),forming the interfaces between the particles to connect.Compared to the amorphous particle regions,the amorphous interface has more free volume,and there are certain differences in their elements,bond angles and coordination numbers.This structure makes the nanostructured amorphous ceramics show unique properties that differ from traditional glass and polycrystalline ceramics.Both theoretical calculations and experimental studies have shown that nanostructured amorphous ceramics can exhibit special plastic deformation,which is important for solving the inherent brittleness of ceramics.In view of the difficulties in the preparation and characterization of nanostructured amorphous ceramics,research in this field is limited and has developed slowly.The current status of preparation methods,microstructure and its plastic deformation of nanostructured amorphous ceramics was reviewed,and it looks forward to future trends in order to break the ice in the development of this field.

关 键 词：纳米非晶陶瓷 非晶界面 制备方法 微结构 塑性变形 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]