新疆地区高原环境下皮肤病发病情况及相关危险因素调查  

Investigation on the dermatosis morbidity and related risk factors in the plateau environment of Xinjiang

作　　者：王惠琳 帕丽达·阿布利孜[1] 李永平[2] 施静娴 WANG Huilin;Parida Abuliz;LI Yongping;SHI Jingxian(Department of Dermatology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumgi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院皮肤科,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]中国人民解放军陆军第九四八医院皮肤科 [3]中国人民解放军新疆军区总医院皮肤科

出　　处：《实用皮肤病学杂志》2025年第1期16-20,80,共6页Journal of Practical Dermatology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022D01C 343)。

摘　　要：目的 对新疆地区高原环境下皮肤病的发病情况及相关危险因素进行调查分析,为防治新疆地区高原环境皮肤病提供参考。方法 通过收集2022年7月至2023年6月新疆地区高原环境暴露且明确诊断为皮肤病患者的流行病学资料,对皮肤病发病情况及相关危险因素进行分析。结果 本研究获得1682例皮肤病患者完整资料,新疆地区高原环境下皮肤病发病率为51.82%(1682/3246),发病率位居前5位的皮肤病依次为特应性皮炎(19.50%,328/1682)、雄激素性脱发(15.76%,265/1682)寻常痤疮15.10%(254/1682)、甲病(13.97%,235/1682)真菌性皮肤病(9.27%,156/1682);按皮肤病类型,发病率位居前5位的依次为皮肤附属器皮肤病(44.83%,754/1682)、变态反应性皮肤病(23.31%,392/1682)、真菌性皮肤病(9.27%,156/1682)、红斑鳞屑性皮肤病(7.97%,134/1682)、物理性皮肤病(5.59%,94/1682)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,特应史、洗澡间隔≥4周及全身涂保湿霜是特应性皮炎发病的独立影响因素,年龄、睡眠障碍和体质量下降≥5kg是雄激素性脱发的独立影响因素,家族史及喜甜食、油腻食物是寻常痤疮的独立影响因素,感染因素、全身涂保湿霜、体质量下降≥5kg是寻常型银屑病的独立影响因素。结论 年龄、家族史、特应史、全身涂护肤霜、洗澡间隔≥4周、失眠、饮食、体质量下降≥5kg及感染因素分别是1682例新疆地区高原环境下不同皮肤病的独立危险因素,为科学防治新疆地区高原环境皮肤病提供参考。Objective To investigate the dermatosis morbidity and related risk factors in the plateau environment of Xinjiang,providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases in the plateau environment.Methods Epidemiological data of patients diagnosed with skin diseases in Xinjiang's plateau environment from July 2022 to June 2023 were collected.The analysis focused on the prevalence of skin diseases and their associated risk factors.Results This study obtained complete data from 1682 skin disease patients.The prevalence of skin diseases in the plateau environment of Xinjiang was 51.82%(1682/3246).The top five most prevalent skin diseases were atopic dermatitis(19.50%,328/1682),androgenetic alopecia(15.76%,265/1682),acne vulgaris(15.10%,254/1682),nail diseases(13.97%,235/1682),and fungal skin diseases(9.27%,156/1682).When classified by skin disease type,the most common conditions were skin appendage diseases(44.83%,754/1682),allergic diseases(23.31%,392/1682),fungal skin diseases(9.27%,156/1682),erythema-scaly skin diseases(7.97%,134/1682),and physical skin diseases(5.59%,94/1682).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for atopic dermatitis included a history of atopy,bathing intervals of z4 weeks,and the use ofmoisturizers.Independent risk factors for androgenetic alopeciawerc agc,sleep disorders,and weight loss≥5 kg.For acncvulgaris,family history and a preference for sweet and greasyfoods were identified as independent risk factors.For commonpsoriasis,risk factors included infection,use of moisturizers,and weight loss≥5 kg.Conclusion Age,family history,atopichistory,use of moisturizers,bathing intervals of≥4 weeks,insomnia,diet,weight loss≥5 kg,and infection are independentrisk factors for various skin diseases in the plateau environment of Xinjiang.These findings provide a scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases in this region.

关 键 词：皮肤疾病 健康调查 新疆维吾尔自治区 高原 危险因素 

分 类 号：R751.011[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]