叶面肥在农业生产中的作用与机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Role and Mechanisms of Foliar Fertilizer in Agricultural Production

作　　者：侯晨薇 郭亚晴 程诚 王琪 HOU Chenwei;GUO Yaqing;CHENG Cheng;WANG Qi(Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink,China Meteorological Administration(ECSS-CMA),School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210014)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局生态系统碳源汇重点开放实验室/南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第11期132-139,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“群体感应LasI-LasR系统在Pseudomonas taiwanensis WRS8减少小麦镉吸收中的作用机制”(42177020);国家自然科学基金面上项目“不同臭氧敏感度小麦根际微生态对臭氧浓度升高的差异响应”(42377307)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在梳理叶面施肥对农作物的影响,综述了叶面肥的发展,对不同叶面肥的类型与特点进行了概述,总结了不同类型叶面肥在促进植物生长、缓解植物逆境胁迫方面的作用,并以叶面气孔和角质层为切入点归纳了叶面肥的作用机制。研究发现,当植物体内活性氧大量积累时,会降低光合效率,影响作物生长,通过叶面施肥可以增强农作物的抗氧化活性,调节光合活性、能量代谢和养分同化等生理过程来促进作物生长。最后对叶面肥在实际应用中存在的问题,以及如何深入挖掘叶面肥调控植物生长发育的作用机制进行了讨论与展望。This study aims to sort out the impact of foliar fertilization on crop productivity.Through extensive research on a large number of domestic and foreign literatures,it reviews the development of foliar fertilizers,summarizes the types and characteristics of different foliar fertilizers,and concludes the roles of different types of foliar fertilizers in promoting plant growth and alleviating plant stress.Moreover,it takes the stomata and cuticle on the leaf surface as the entry point to summarize the mechanism of action of foliar fertilizers.Research has found that when reactive oxygen species accumulate in large quantities within plants,it will reduce photosynthetic efficiency and affect crop growth.Foliar fertilization can enhance the antioxidant activity of crops,regulate photosynthetic activity,energy metabolism and nutrient assimilation and other physiological processes to promote crop growth.Finally,the problems existing in the practical application of foliar fertilizers and the prospects for further exploring the mechanism by which foliar fertilizers regulate plant growth and development are discussed and prospected.

关 键 词：叶面肥 类型与特点 促生作用 缓解环境胁迫 作用机制 

分 类 号：TQ440[化学工程—化学肥料工业]