拮抗白术疫病病原菌的木霉菌的分离鉴定及其防效  

Isolation and Identification of Trichoderma spp.Antagonizing the Pathogen of Atractylodes macrocephala Blight Disease and Their Control Effect

作　　者：王娇 刘晓宁 焦甜甜 沈凤英[2] 刘大群[1] 李亚宁[1] WANG Jiao;LIU Xiao-Ning;JIAO Tian-Tian;SHEN Feng-Ying;LIU Da-Qun;LI Ya-Ning(College of Plant Protection/Innovation Center for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province/National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治技术创新中心/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,保定071001 [2]河北北方学院,张家口075000

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2025年第4期857-866,共10页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32272605)。

摘　　要：近年来由于连作,白术(Atractylodes macrocephala)的病虫害问题严重,导致白术产量减少,品质下降,其中疫霉引起的白术疫病给白术生产造成了严重的损失。木霉菌(Trichoderma spp.)对多种植物病原菌具有较好的抑制作用,并可产生多种具有拮抗作用的活性物质,是最主要的生防真菌之一。本研究以白术连作地的健株根际土及其地下根茎为材料,以白术疫病病原菌桑瑟姆氏疫霉菌(Phytophthora sansomeana)AMPH-1为指示菌进行拮抗木霉菌的筛选,根据抑制效果和拮抗等级,筛选出3株抑菌效果较好的木霉菌株,即TPS-87、TPS-90和TPS-99,抑菌率分别达到77.19%、80.04%和78.49%。结合形态学和分子鉴定,确定菌株TPS-87为非洲哈茨木霉菌(T.afroharzianum),菌株TPS-90和TPS-99均为深绿木霉菌(T.atroviride)。分别施用TPS-87、TPS-90和TPS-99拮抗菌孢子悬浮液浓度为1×10~6cfu/mL,接菌量为150 mL时,这3株木霉菌对白术幼苗的促生效果较好,对白术疫病的温室防效分别为61.54%、53.85%和50%。本研究为白术疫病绿色防控措施提供生防菌资源,为进一步开发防治中药材疫病的生防制剂提供重要依据。In recent years,due to continuous cropping,the problem of pests and diseases in Atractylodes macrocephala has been severe,resulting in a decrease in yield and a decline in quality.Among them,the A.macrocephala epidemic caused by mold has caused serious losses to A.macrocephala production.As one of the most important biocontrol fungi,Trichoderma spp.has good antagonistic effects on various plant pathogens and can produce various bioactive substances with antagonistic effects.In this study,healthy rhizosphere soil and underground rhizomes of A.macrocephala continuous cropping land were taken as materials,to screen antagonistic Trichoderma strains using the pathogen AMPH-1 of Phytophthora sansomeana as an indicator bacterium.Through the inhibitory effect and antagonistic level of antagonistic,3 Trichoderma strains with better antibacterial effects,namely TPS-87,TPS-90,and TPS-99,were selected.The antibacterial rates against AMPH-1 were 77.19%,80.04%,and 78.49%.With morphological and molecular identification,strain TPS-87was determined as T.afroharzianum,while TPS-90 and TPS-99 were both T.atroviride.When applying the suspension of TPS-87,TPS-90,and TPS-99 with a concentration of 1×10~6cfu/mL,and with the inoculation amount of 150 mL,all 3 strains of Trichoderma had a good promoting effect on A.macrocephala seedlings,and the greenhouse control effects on A.macrocephala blight disease were 61.54%,53.85%,and 50%,respectively.This study provides biocontrol bacteria resources for the green prevention and control measures of A.macrocephala blight disease,and provides an important basis for the further development of biocontrol agents for the prevention and control of Chinese herbal medicine diseases.

关 键 词：白术疫病 拮抗木霉菌 分离鉴定 促生作用 防治效果 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]