NEAT1在骨和软骨代谢及骨骼疾病中的作用  

The Role of NEAT1 in Bone and Cartilage Metabolism and Bone Diseases

作　　者：温瑞明 黄睿奇 常一行 徐可 衣雪洁[1] WEN Rui-Ming;HUANG Rui-Qi;CHANG Yi-Xing;XU Ke;YI Xue-Jie(School of Sports and Human Sciences,Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang 110102,China;College of Humanities,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院运动健康学院,沈阳110102 [2]吉林大学文学院,长春130025

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2025年第4期930-945,共16页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12072202)资助项目。

摘　　要：长链非编码RNA (long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)作为人类转录组中的关键组分,虽不参与编码蛋白质,却能积极调控细胞的基因表达、改变细胞类型和功能。多项研究显示,lncRNA在骨骼疾病的进程中发挥重要作用,但其具体调控机制仍未完全阐明。lncRNA核副斑点组装转录本1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1,NEAT1)是一种哺乳动物细胞核中高度丰富的RNA,在细胞生长、发育和分化中扮演重要角色,特别是在调节骨髓间充质干细胞(bone mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)、成骨细胞(osteoblast,OB)、破骨细胞(osteoclast,OC)、软骨细胞等骨和软骨代谢中发挥重要影响。此外,NEAT1可用作生物标志物或干预靶点为骨骼疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的见解,如骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)、骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)和骨肉瘤(osterosarcoma,OS)等,这意味着NEAT1在其中充当重要的传感器和效应器。本文综述了NEAT1调控骨稳态的分子机制,以及其在多种骨骼疾病中的作用,并探讨了NEAT1靶向药物临床试验的进展,旨在为骨骼疾病的研究和防治提供理论支持。In the process of maintaining the steady state of bone tissue,the transcription network and signal pathway of the body play a vital role.These complex regulatory mechanisms need precise coordination to ensure the balance between bone formation and bone absorption.Once this balance is broken,it may lead to pathological changes of bone and cartilage,and then lead to various bone diseases.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand these regulatory mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of bone diseases.In recent years,with the deepening of research,more and more lncRNA has been found to be closely related to bone health.Among them,nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1(NEAT1),as an extremely abundant RNA molecule in mammalian nuclei,has attracted extensive attention.NEAT1 is mainly transcribed from a specific site in human chromosome 11 by RNA polymerase II(RNaseP),which can form two different subtypes NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2.These two subtypes are different in intracellular distribution and function,but they participate in many biological processes together.Studies have shown that NEAT1 plays a specific role in the process of cell growth and stress response.For example,it can regulate the development of osteoblasts(OB),osteoclasts(OC)and chondrocytes by balancing the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),thus maintaining the steady state of bone metabolism.This discovery reveals the important role of NEAT1 in bone development and remodeling.In addition,NEAT1 is closely related to a variety of bone diseases.In patients with bone diseases such as osteoporosis(OP),osteoarthritis(OA)and osteosarcoma(OS),the expression level of NEAT1 is different.These differential expressions may be closely related to the pathogenesis and progression of bone diseases.By regulating the level of NEAT1,it can affect a variety of signal transduction pathways,and then affect the development of bone diseases.For example,some studies show that by regulating the expression level of NEAT1,the activity of oste

关 键 词：NEAT1 骨代谢 骨质疏松 骨关节炎 骨肉瘤 

分 类 号：Q5[生物学—生物化学] G8[文化科学—体育学]