人与自然和谐共生中实现生态利益的司法路径优化  

Judicial Optimization for Realizing Ecological Interests from the Perspective of Harmony Between Human and Nature

作　　者：吕稣 LYU Su

机构地区：[1]中共上海市徐汇区委党校,上海200233 [2]徐汇区城市治理学院,上海200233

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期93-106,126,共15页Journal of Nanjing Tech University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：2024年度上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“上海市减污降碳协同增效法治化研究”(2024EFX007);最高人民法院2024年度司法研究重大课题“生态环境修复司法问题研究”(GFZDKT2024B16-3)。

摘　　要：人与自然和谐共生视野下的环境法律关系呈现为“人—自然—人”的间接互动特征,利益格局相较于传统法律而言更加多元。生态利益是人与自然和谐共生中的核心利益诉求,具有非物质性、多层次性和利益共生性特征,以环境公众健康利益和生态精神利益为主要内容。作为以实现生态利益为逻辑起点的法律实施环节,环境司法被赋予了缓解立法供给不足、弥补法律漏洞,实现预防与救济的时代使命。审视环境司法机制现状,为保障环境行政及时有效地保护公众健康利益,应当以穷尽行政救济为原则,明确启动环境民事公益诉讼的条件,适当拓展环境行政公益诉讼的预防功能;同时,通过充分利用指导性案例机制,明确环境私益诉讼的保护限度,逐步实现人对自然发展出的生态精神利益诉求。The environmental legal relationship under the vision of harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature is characterised by the indirect interaction of"human beings-nature-human beings",and the pattern of interests is more diversified than that of traditional law.Ecological interests are the core interests in the harmonious coexistence of man and nature,with the characteristics of non-materiality,multi-level and symbiosis of interests,with environmental public health interests and ecological spiritual interests as the main content.As a means of rule of law to achieve ecological interests as a logical starting point,environmental justice has been given the mission of the times to alleviate the insufficiency of legislative supply,make up for the loopholes in the law,and achieve prevention and relief.Reviewing the current situation of environmental justice mechanism,in order to ensure that environmental administration promptly and effectively protects public health interests,the principle of exhausting administrative remedies should be upheld,with clear conditions for the initiation of environmental civil public interest litigation and appropriate expansion of the preventive function of the environmental administrative public interest litigation.At the same time,by making full use of the mechanism of guiding cases,the protective limits of environmental private interest litigation should be clarified to gradually realise the ecological spiritual interests.

关 键 词：人与自然和谐共生 中国式现代化 生态利益 环境司法 公众健康利益 生态精神利益 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]