俄罗斯技术发展战略举措及启示——基于《2030年技术发展构想》的分析  

Strategic Initiatives and Enlightenment of Russia’s Technological Development Based on the Analysis of the Concept of Technological Development until 2030

作　　者：杨岚 林成华[2] YANG Lan;LIN Chenghua(Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou 310000,China;Academy of Chinese Science and Education Strategy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]之江实验室,杭州310000 [2]浙江大学中国科教战略研究院,杭州310000

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2025年第2期227-235,共9页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：在俄乌冲突和西方极限制裁下,2023年5月俄罗斯批准了《2030年技术发展构想》。该文件系统分析了俄罗斯技术发展的历史阶段、机遇和挑战,技术发展的原则、目标及实现机制,技术主权项目等。本文基于对该技术构想的分析,明确了俄罗斯技术发展的背景和条件、原则和目标,归纳总结了俄罗斯技术发展关键目标实现机制:以融合发展为抓手,打造高质量技术发展生态圈;以技术创新为动力,打造高水平创新发展经济;以重大项目为牵引,打造高效率技术发展系统。从中得出对我国技术发展的启示借鉴,以期为我国创新科技管理体制、打造科技创新强国助力:着重强调实现国家技术主权;优先发展关键技术和交叉技术;系统转变科研生产组织模式;持续优化科技政策支持体系。Under the Russia-Ukraine conflict and Western maximum sanctions,in May 2023 Russia approved“the Concept of Technological Development until 2030”.The document systematically analyzes the historical stages,opportunities and challenges of technological development in Russia,the principles,goals and mechanisms for achieving technological development,and the project of technological sovereignty.Based on the analysis of this technology concept,this paper clarifies the background and conditions,principles and goals of Russia’s technological development,and summarizes the key goals of Russia’s technological development:to create a high-quality technological development ecosystem with integrated development as the starting point;Take technological innovation as the driving force to create a high-level innovation and development economy;Take major projects as the traction to create an efficient technology development system.Enlightenment for China’s technological development is derived,in order to help China’s innovative science and technology management system and build a strong country in scientific and technological innovation:emphasizing the realization of national technological sovereignty;Prioritizing the development of key and cross-cutting technologies;systematically transform the organizational model of scientific research and production;Continue to optimize the science and technology policy support system.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 科技创新 技术主权 科技管理 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学]