不同青枯病抗性烤烟品种(系)根际土壤微生物群落分析  

Analysis of microbial communities in rhizosphere soil for flue-cured tobacco varieties(lines)with different resistance to bacterial wilt

作　　者：姜淑祯 冯小虎 宋文静[1] 王卫锋[1] 丛萍 徐艳丽 况帅[1] 董建新[1] JIANG Shuzhen;FENG Xiaohu;SONG Wenjing;WANG Weifeng;CONG Ping;XU Yanli;KUANG Shuai;DONG Jianxin(Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China;Raw Material Center,China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650231,China;Fuzhou Branch of Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company,Fuzhou 344000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东省青岛市266101 [2]云南中烟工业有限责任公司原料中心,昆明市650231 [3]江西省烟草公司抚州市公司,江西省抚州市344000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2025年第4期34-44,共11页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-TRIC03);中国烟草总公司江西省公司科技项目“江西烟草青枯病专性噬菌体制剂研发与应用”(2021.01.010)。

摘　　要：为探究根际微生物群落、土壤因子等与烟草青枯病发生的关系,揭示烤烟抵御青枯菌的侵染机制。采用宏基因组学高通量测序技术,研究了在盆栽条件下高抗品系翠碧一号突变体(633K)和高感品种红花大金元(HD)根际土壤微生物群落、根际土壤养分及酶活性等的差异。结果表明:633K根际土壤中鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)等微生物菌属的相对丰度均高于HD的根际土壤,而罗思河小杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)和卡斯特兰尼氏菌(Castellaniella)在HD根际土壤中相对丰度较高;青枯病菌侵染后,与HD相比,633K根际土壤优势物种网络的物种多样性减少、网络结构复杂性增加,633K根际土壤微生物网络中的高关联度优势菌种以Solirubrobacterpauli、土壤红色杆形菌(Solirubrobacter soli)和Edaphobacteraggregans等有益菌为主,而HD根际土壤微生物网络中的高关联度优势菌种以Dyellajiangningensis等有害菌为主。633K根际土壤中硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)含量和脲酶(S-UE)活性均显著高于HD根际土壤,比HD根际土壤分别提高143.73%、80.05%、154.42%、44.85%和21.50%,而土壤酸性磷酸酶(S-ACP)、蔗糖酶(S-SC)活性和有机质(SOM)含量(质量分数)均显著低于HD根际土壤,比HD根际土壤分别降低47.36%、31.97%和26.13%。冗余分析表明,微生物量碳与微生物群落结构有显著相关性,对微生物群落结构的贡献度最高。To investigate the relationships between rhizosphere microbial community,soil factors and the occurrence of tobacco bacterial wilt and the resistance mechanism of flue-cured tobacco to infection by Ralstoniasolanacearum,metagenomics high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the differences in rhizosphere soil microbial community,rhizosphere soil nutrients and enzyme activities of the highly resistant strain Cuibi No.1 mutant(633K)and the highly susceptible Honghuadajinyuan(HD)under pot conditions.The results showed that the relative abundance of microbial genera such as Sphingomonas and Bradyrhizobium in 633K rhizosphere soil was higher than that in HD rhizosphere soil,while the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter and Castellaniella was higher in HD rhizosphere soil.Compared to HD,the species diversity and structural complexity of the dominant species network in the 633K rhizosphere soil decreased after Ralstoniasolanacearum infection.The dominant strains with high correlations in the 633K rhizosphere soil microbial network were mainly beneficial bacteria such as Solirubrobacterpauli,Solirubrobacter soli and Edaphobacteraggregans,while the dominant strains with high correlations in the HD rhizosphere soil microbial network were mainly harmful bacteria such as Dyellajiangningensis.The contents of nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N),ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N),microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)and urease activity(S-UE)in 633K rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than those in HD rhizosphere soil,which were 143.73%,80.05%,154.42%,44.85%and 21.50%higher than those in HD rhizosphere soil,respectively.However,acid phosphatase(S-ACP)and sucrase(S-SC)activities and organic matter(SOM)content in 633K rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those in HD rhizosphere soil,which decreased by 47.36%,31.97%and 26.13%,respectively.Redundancy analysis showed that microbial biomass carbon was significantly correlated with microbial community structure and had the highest contribution to m

关 键 词：烟草青枯病 根际土壤 微生物群落 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：TS414[农业科学—烟草工业]