从归正人心到冲淡平和——论朱熹诗学的终极审美理想及其历史针对性  

Righteousness of Mind and Elegant Quietness--On Ultimate Aesthetic Ideal of ZHU Xi’s Poetics and Its Historical Pertinence

作　　者：杨芹 YANG Qin(Wenzhou University of Technology,School of Literature and Media,Wenzhou 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州理工学院文学与传媒学院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2025年第2期18-26,共9页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：浙江省社科规划青年项目“朱熹诗学思想研究”(项目编号:24NDQN147YBM);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目“笔记体与宋代文章学”(项目编号:Y202146534);温州市哲学社会科学规划年度课题“朱熹诗学的历史针对性及其终极审美理想研究”(项目编号:24WSK046YB)。

摘　　要：冲淡平和作为一种审美趣味自古有之,但被广泛推举为一种艺术批评层面的审美理想以及较为高级的美学境界则自唐宋渐盛,理学的介入,尤其是朱熹对圣人气象与人生境界的推崇,最终使之升格成了终极审美理想。这种终极审美理想渗透到朱熹的诗学观念中,主要体现为创作主体性情与心境的冲淡平和、创作方式之平淡自然而不务奇巧、诗歌体貌之冲雅古淡三个层面,对后世理学诗与台阁体的诗美追求均有重要影响,客观上促成了宋元诗学的转型。朱熹诗学的价值在于,他将学术层面的理论建构与人格修养、个体受用、社会效用紧密结合,既有其基于人本的现实关怀,又有治国平天下的政治企图,这既是其诗学思想的核心观念与终极理想,亦是其能够获得历代帝王与士人之推重、长期高居典范地位的关键所在。Diluted and peaceful as an aesthetic taste has existed since ancient times,but it has been widely recommended as an aesthetic ideal at the level of art criticism and a more advanced aesthetic realm since the Tang and Song dynasties.Due to the intervention of Neo-Confucianism,especially ZHU Xi’s admiration for the sage’s atmosphere and realm of life,the dilute and peacefulness was finally elevated to the ultimate aesthetic ideal;The pursuit of beauty has played an important role and objectively contributed to the transformation of Song and Yuan poetics.The value of ZHU Xi’s poetics lies in that he closely integrates the theoretical construction at the academic level with personality cultivation,individual benefit,and social utility.He not only has his realistic concern based on humanism,but also has a political ambition to govern the country and bring peace to the world.This is not only the era value and historical value of his poetic thought,but also the key to his ability to gain the respect of the emperors and scholars of the past dynasties and to maintain a high exemplary status for a long time.Researchers should not be limited by personal likes and dislikes,social taste orientation,or misleading predecessors to eclipse its glory.To make an objective and fair evaluation of it is not only the unshirkable responsibility of academia and scholars,but also our most basic attitude towards history.

关 键 词：朱熹 诗学 冲淡平和 审美理想 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]