植物根际促生细菌的筛选、鉴定及其对烟草的促生作用  

Screening and Identification of Plant Growth‑Promoting Rhizobacteria and Their Growth‑Promoting Effects on Tobacco

作　　者：牛文研 李小杰[1] 徐敏 邱睿[1] 白静科 刘畅[1] 陈玉国[1] 司军柯 李淑君[1] 宋鹏宇[5] 宋守晔 NIU Wenyan;LI Xiaojie;XU Min;QIU Rui;BAI Jingke;LIU Chang;CHEN Yuguo;SI Junke;LI Shujun;SONG Pengyu;SONG Shouye(Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation&Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area,Xuchang 461000,China;Horticulture and Plant Protection College,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;China National Tobacco Corporation Henan Branch,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Jian’an Branch of Xuchang Municipal Tobacco Companies,Xuchang 461000,China;College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所/黄淮烟区烟草病虫害绿色防控重点实验室,河南许昌461000 [2]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023 [3]中国烟草总公司河南省公司,河南郑州450046 [4]许昌市烟草公司建安分公司,河南许昌461000 [5]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2025年第3期50-59,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201026(LS-10)];河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC043);河南省农业科学院科技创新团队专项(2024TD42)。

摘　　要：为挖掘促进烟草生长的多功能有益微生物菌株,从河南省平顶山市郏县健康作物根际土壤中分离筛选出具有促生潜力的细菌菌株,通过形态学、生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并通过培养皿种子萌发及盆栽烟草试验明确其促生效果。结果表明,分离得到的细菌菌株JLS0502和JLS0413发酵液中吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)含量分别为28.35、22.03 mg/L,1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)脱氨酶活性分别为546.64、521.21 U/L,且均具有溶磷、解钾、固氮等功能特性。经鉴定,菌株JLS0502为非脱羧勒克氏菌(Leclercia adecarboxylata),菌株JLS00413为路德维希肠杆菌(Enterobacter ludwigii)。菌株JLS0502和JLS0413处理均可提高烟草种子萌发率,显著促进根伸长。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株JLS0502和JLS0413处理对烟草的株高、鲜质量、根系形态等农艺性状均有显著促进作用,其中株高、全株鲜质量、根系鲜质量、总根表面积和总根体积等指标较不加菌的对照分别显著提高66.05%、55.82%、59.30%、22.55%、29.37%和75.38%、66.29%、105.23%、90.15%、140.48%;烟株叶片中油菜素内酯(BR)、赤霉素(GA)、IAA等植物生长相关激素含量及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等抗性相关酶活性均较对照有提升。可见,菌株JLS0502和JLS0413对烟草生长具有显著的促生作用。To explore multifunctional beneficial microbial strains that promote tobacco growth,bacterial strains with growth-promoting potential were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of healthy crops in Jiaxian County,Pingdingshan City,Henan Province.The bacterial strains were identified through morphological,physiological,biochemical analyses,and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.Their growth-promoting effects were confirmed through petri dish seed germination tests and pot experiments involving tobacco.The results indicated that strains JLS0502 and JLS0413 had indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)concentrations of 28.35 mg/L and 22.03 mg/L in their fermentation broths,respectively,with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase activities of 546.64 U/L and 521.21 U/L.Both strains also exhibited phosphate solubilization,potassium release,and nitrogen fixation capabilities.Identification confirmed that strain JLS0502 was Leclercia adecarboxylata,while strain JLS0413 was Enterobacter ludwigii.Treatment with strains JLS0502 and JLS0413 significantly improved the germination rate of tobacco seeds and promoted root elongation.Pot experiments showed that strains JLS0502 and JLS0413 significantly improved agronomic traits,including plant height,fresh weight,and root morphology of tobacco.Specifically,compared to the uninoculated control,the plant height,total fresh weight,root fresh weight,total root surface area,and total root volume increased by 66.05%,55.82%,59.30%,22.55%,29.37%,and 75.38%,66.29%,105.23%,90.15%,and 140.48%,respectively.Furthermore,the levels of plant hormones,including brassinolide(BR),gibberellin(GA),and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),as well as the activities of defense enzymes,such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and superoxide dismutase(SOD),were significantly higher in the tobacco leaves than in the control group.These findings highlight the significant growth-promoting effects of strains JLS0502 and JLS0413 on tobacco.

关 键 词：根际促生细菌 筛选鉴定 烟草 促生功能 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S154.39[农业科学—作物学]