浅埋煤层复合采空区自燃“三带”动态演化规律和火灾防控  

Dynamic evolution law and prevention of spontaneous combustion“three zones”in shallow buried coal seam composite goaf

作　　者：王建国 雒世龙 张超鹏 WANG Jianguo;LUO Shilong;ZHANG Chaopeng(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2025年第2期252-262,共11页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51634007)。

摘　　要：为研究浅埋煤层复合采空区不同推进距离下自燃“三带”动态演化情况和氧浓度分布特征,通过对采空区氧浓度现场实测和漏风机理的分析,运用Fluent模拟软件,分别得到了下层采空区和上覆采空区随着推进距离增加时氧化带的深度、宽度以及氧浓度的动态演化规律,并提出了综合治理措施。结果表明:在二次采动阶段,随着推进距离的增加,上覆采空区和下层采空区两侧氧化带都逐渐向后延伸,最终在采空区100~500 m范围内形成“两侧高,中间低”的氧浓度分布格局;在相同位置时,上覆采空区的氧化带宽度小于下层采空区,其自然发火危险性小于下层采空区;对比不同流量下多点联合灌注液态CO_(2)的惰化效果发现,当液态CO_(2)压注流量为1000 m^(3)/h,既能保证惰化效果又能兼具经济性。研究结果揭示了浅埋煤层群开采过程中复合采空区自燃“三带”的演化规律,为预防与控制浅埋深复合采空区因漏风导致的自然发火提供了一定的参考。To study the dynamic evolution of spontaneous combustion“three zones”and oxygen concentration distribution characteristics under different pushing distances in shallow coal seam composite goaf,the on-site measurement of oxygen concentration in goaf and analysis of air leakage mechanism were conducted.Fluent simulation software was used to obtain the dynamic evolution laws of the depth,width,and oxygen concentration of the oxidation zone in the lower goaf and the overlying goaf with increasing pushing distance,and comprehensive control measures were proposed.The results show that:In the secondary mining stage,with the increase of the advance distance,the oxidation zones on both sides of the overlying goaf and the lower goaf gradually extend backward,and finally form a“high on both sides,low in the middle”oxygen concentration distribution pattern within 100 m to 500 m of the goaf.At the same position,the width of the oxidation zone in the overlying goaf is less than that in the lower goaf,and its risk of spontaneous combustion is less than that in the lower goaf.Comparing the inerting effect of multi-point combined infusion of liquid CO_(2)under different flow rates,it is found that when the flow rate of liquid CO_(2)injection is 1000 m^(3)/h,it can not only ensure the inerting effect,but also be economical.The research results indicate that the evolution law of“three zones”of spontaneous combustion in the composite goaf during the mining process of shallow buried coal seam,and provide reference for preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion caused by air leakage in the composite goaf in shallow buried depth.

关 键 词：浅埋煤层 复合采空区 “三带”分布 二次采动 动态演化 

分 类 号：TD752.2[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]