异质空间的创伤叙事与帝国话语:契诃夫《萨哈林岛》的远东书写  

Traumatic Narrative and Imperial Discourse in Heterotopia:A.Chekhov’s Far East Writing in Sakhalin Island

作　　者：张凌闻 Zhang Lingwen(College of Foreign Languages and Literature Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外国语言文学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期93-99,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：出版于1895年的单行本《萨哈林岛》是契诃夫创作生涯中唯一一部非虚构性作品,是其笔调风格由轻松诙谐向沉稳成熟过渡的标志。契诃夫将视线投向俄罗斯帝国流放苦役犯的远东荒野,根据在萨哈林岛上的亲身经历与体会描绘了一个具有陌生化、多样性和偏离感的异质空间。通过复现岛上居民在流放制度下肉体与精神受到的双重打击,表露了创伤印痕下萨哈林岛个体生活孤单苦闷、社会记忆虚假空洞的存在之悲。借助对远东地区不同民族身份地位的差异性描写,作品再现了帝国霸权视域下的意识形态偏见以及主流文明规训下的远东秩序设想。Published in a full-vision in 1895,Sakhalin Island is A.Chekhov’s only non-fiction during his literary career and marks the writer’s transition from a witty style to a more sober and mature one.Turning his gaze toward the remote wilderness of the Russian Far East,where the empire exiled its convicts to hard labor,A.Chekhov portrays a heterotopic space of strangeness,diversity,and a sense of dislocation based on his own experiences and discoveries on Sakhalin Island.By depicting the physical and psychological traumas suffered by island residents under the exile system,A.Chekhov reveals the tragic existence of the individual’s lonely and bitter life,as well as the hollow and distorted social memory.Through the differentiated portrayals of ethnic groups and statuses in the Far East,the narrative also discloses the ideological prejudice under the imperial hegemony,and reflects the empire’s imagined order for the region under the guise of mainstream civilizational discipline.

关 键 词：契诃夫 《萨哈林岛》 异质空间 创伤 帝国 

分 类 号：I106.6[文学—世界文学]