汽车前A柱上饰板低压注塑包覆成型工艺分析与模具设计  

Processing analysis and mold design of low⁃pressure injection molding of trim panel on front A⁃pillar of automobiles

作　　者：张文超 吴迪 张晗 妙磊 崔恩铭 王明伟[1] 叶星辉 于峻伟 ZHANG Wenchao;WU Di;ZHANG Han;MIAO Lei;CUI Enming;WANG Mingwei;YE Xinghui;YU Junwei(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian116034,China;Zhejiang KaihuaMould Co,Ltd,Taizhou318020,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁大连116034 [2]浙江凯华模具有限公司,浙江台州318020

出　　处：《中国塑料》2025年第4期104-110,共7页China Plastics

摘　　要：鉴于汽车前A柱上饰板结构复杂,内部含有众多加强筋、倒扣特征、卡扣座和支撑结构底座等结构,且外观面需要进行面料包覆处理,因此设计了一副1模2腔带有顺序阀控制的热流道低压注塑包覆模具。由于是低压注塑包覆成型,热流道无法从型腔侧进胶,所以在塑件B面即在型芯侧开设直接浇口对其注射成型,通过CAE模流分析来验证浇注系统的合理性,并预测其成型过程中可能存在的缺陷问题。为了应对其结构的复杂性带来的脱模困难问题,分别设计了“弹簧+滑块”、“斜顶杆+斜顶块”及“油缸+滑块”等机构进行侧向抽芯及脱模。顶出机构则由油缸驱动,通过“直顶块+直顶杆+顶针”等部件将塑件顶出。在模具开始工作之前,需要先将面料平整地铺设在型腔一侧,然后进行合模和注射成型。最终结合实际生产验证,该模具结构合理,能够稳定安全地运行,并且生产出的产品符合设计标准。In view of the complicated structure of the trim panel on the front A-pillar of a car with many internal reinforce-ment bars,inverted buckle features,snap seats and support structure base,and other structures,and the exterior surface needs to be covered with fabrics.In this case,a low-pressure injection overmolding process is adopted,and a pair of one-mold and a two-cavity valve hot runner low-pressure injection overmolding inverted molds were designed.Owing to the low-pressure injection overmolding,the hot runner could not feed the glue from the cavity side.Therefore,a direct gate was opened on the B-side(the core side)of the molded part,and the Moldex 3D mold flow analysis software was used to verify the reasonableness of the pouring system and analyze the possible defects in the molding process.For the invert-ed feature,a“spring+slider”side core extraction mechanism was adopted.The“inclined top bar+inclined top block”and“cylinder+slider”mechanisms were adopted for the support structure base and snap seat structures,respectively.The“oblique top bar+oblique top block”and“oil cylinder+slider”mechanisms were designed for the support structure base and snap seat structures,respectively,and used for lateral core extraction and demolding.The ejector mechanism was driven by an oil cylinder to eject the molded parts by the“straight top block+straight top bar+ejector pin”mecha-nism together with other components.Before the mold starts to work,it is necessary to lay the fabric flat on the one side of the cavity at first and then close the mold and injection molding.When the mold is opened,the lateral core-extraction mechanism moves to both sides under the action of cylinders and springs.After the core extraction,the ejector cylinder can provide a power to drive all the ejector parts to eject.As a result,the plastic parts,cold runners,and excess over-flow material can be smoothly demolded from the mold.The mold structure is reasonable and can be operated stably and safely,and the obtained products

关 键 词：汽车前A柱上饰板 低压注塑包覆成型工艺 Moldex 3D 倒装模具结构 侧向抽芯机构 

分 类 号：TQ320.662[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]