催化裂化装置吸收塔冷却器浮头螺栓断裂原因分析  

Fracture cause analysis of the floating head bolts of absorption tower cooler in catalytic cracking unit

作　　者：徐天宇 XU Tianyu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2025年第2期57-60,共4页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：某公司催化裂化装置按计划停工检修,期间发现吸收塔回流冷却器上有多根小浮头螺栓发生断裂失效。通过宏观检查、材质分析、力学性能检测、金相和断口分析等方法,结合使用工况分析了断裂原因,结果表明:小浮头螺栓硬度偏高,抗硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂的能力不足;小浮头螺栓长期处于硫化氢腐蚀环境,当壳程介质中H 2S含量达到临界值时,在预紧力和工作应力共同作用下,发生了硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂,从而导致螺栓断裂失效。The catalytic cracking unit of a company was shut down for maintenance as planned.During the period,fracture and failure occurred on multiple small floating head bolts on the reflux cooler of the absorption tower.By means of macroscopic examination,material analysis,mechanical property testing,metallographic and fracture analysis,the fracture reason was determined in combination with the working conditions.The results showed that the hardness of small floating head bolts was relatively high,and the ability to resist hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion cracking was insufficient;the small floating head bolt was exposed to hydrogen sulfide corrosion environment for a long time.When the hydrogen sulfide content in the shell side medium reached the critical value,hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion cracking occurred under the combined action of pre-tightening force and working stress,resulting in bolt fracture and failure.

关 键 词：催化裂化装置 螺栓 断裂 硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]