数字经济如何影响城市间劳动力市场分割:“加深鸿沟”还是“熨平丘壑”?  

How does the Digital Economy Affect Inter-city Labor Market Segmentation:“Deepen Divides”or“Bridge Gaps”?

作　　者：崔琳昊 冯烽[2,3] CUI Linhao;FENG Feng(School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所,北京100732 [3]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《当代经济科学》2025年第2期54-65,共12页Modern Economic Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字经济高质量发展的创新与治理协同互促机制研究”(22&ZD071);中国社会科学院大学研究生科研创新支持计划项目“中国城市绿色发展时空特征及其影响因素分析”(2024-KY-082)。

摘　　要：打破劳动力市场分割是建立全国统一大市场的重要着力点。基于2011—2019年全国270个城市的面板数据,在测度城市数字经济水平和劳动力市场分割程度的基础上实证研究两者的关系。研究发现,数字经济的发展显著降低了城市间劳动力市场分割程度,其主要途径是降低劳动力流动成本,并通过优化市场匹配效率提高劳动力流动收益。异质性分析表明,数字经济对建立劳动力统一大市场的作用主要在于打破了内陆偏远城市和经济落后城市的劳动力流动壁垒。进一步分析表明,产业集聚和城市创新程度的提高有利于数字经济进一步发挥熨平劳动力市场“丘壑”的作用。因此,应进一步加强数字经济时代的劳动力保障,建立开放包容的劳动力市场政策体系,并推动城市产业向数字化、智能化方向转型升级,同时加大科技创新企业扶持力度,以产业升级和创新驱动为抓手更好发挥数字经济对劳动力市场效率的正向作用。The digital economy’s rapid expansion is fundamentally transforming contemporary life,presenting both challenges and opportunities for labor market segmentation.While digital technologies have dismantled geographical and informational barriers,enhanced skill matching,strengthened labor protections,and reduced the social and temporal costs of workforce mobility,they simultaneously demand higher skill levels from workers.Whether the digital economy ultimately serves to“deepen divides”or“bridge gaps”in inter-city labor markets remains an empirical question requiring thorough investigation.Notably,there exists a significant research gap regarding the digital economy’s impact on labor market segmentation at the city level.This study utilizes panel data from 270 Chinese cities spanning the years 2011 to 2019,employing price methodology and entropy weight techniques to quantify urban labor market segmentation and digital economic development.We propose two primary mechanisms through which the digital economy influences labor market segmentation:by reducing mobility costs and enhancing income opportunities for mobile workers.Our findings demonstrate that digital economic development significantly mitigates inter-city labor market segmentation,primarily by optimizing market matching efficiency,thereby reducing mobility costs and improving the benefits of labor flow.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the digital economy’s contribution to a unified labor market is particularly pronounced in breaking down barriers to labor mobility in inland remote areas and economically disadvantaged cities.Further analysis indicates that enhanced industrial agglomeration and urban innovation facilitate the digital economy’s capacity to bridge gaps in the labor market.Our research highlights several critical policy implications.First,policymakers should promote deeper integration between the digital economy and labor markets to overcome segmentation by developing digital job-matching platforms,enhancing workers’digital ca

关 键 词：数字经济 劳动力市场分割 全国统一大市场建设 劳动力流动 产业集聚 城市创新 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]