中国煤层气商业开发典型案例及启示  

Inspirations of typical commercially developed coalbed methane cases in China

作　　者：李勇[1] 熊先钺 徐立富 徐凤银 张伟祺 谢金峰 李昀 LI Yong;XIONG Xianyue;XU Lifu;XU Fengyin;ZHANG Weiqi;XIE Jinfeng;LI Yun(College of Geosciences and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China;PetroChina Coalbed Methane Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;China United Coalbed Methane National Engineering Research Center,Beijng 100095,China;CNOOC Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;College of Energy(College of Modern Shale Gas Industry),Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]中石油煤层气有限责任公司,北京100028 [3]中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司,北京100095 [4]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028 [5]成都理工大学能源学院(页岩气现代产业学院),四川成都610059 [6]成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2025年第3期31-46,共16页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42072194)。

摘　　要：我国煤层气资源具有地域分布广、时域跨度大、品位差异大、地质条件复杂等特征,建立适合差异地质特征的煤层气开发体系能够降低开采难度,推动产业发展。通过系统总结分析30多年来我国煤层气商业开发典型案例,包括潘庄浅部高煤阶、保德浅部中低煤阶、延川南中深煤层、大宁—吉县深煤层和潘河多薄煤层的地面气井开发,以及两淮、晋城和松藻矿区的井下气体(瓦斯)抽采,取得如下主要认识:潘庄、潘河浅部高煤阶含气量高、渗透率较高、水动力较弱,发育向斜−水文控气模式,形成浅部高煤阶单/多支水平井单层开发模式;针对薄−超薄煤层多层综合含气特征,形成直井多组合立体开发模式。保德中低煤阶含气饱和度高、构造稳定且存在生物气补给,发育正向构造−水文控气模式,形成了浅部中低煤阶大平台丛式井合层开发模式。延川南煤层埋藏相对较深、低孔低渗低压、水动力弱,形成中深煤层有效支撑−精细排采开发模式。大宁—吉县西部煤层埋深大、低孔低渗、游离气含量高、水动力弱,形成了深煤层体积压裂−水平井开发模式。两淮矿区发育松软低透气性高瓦斯煤层群,形成中远距离保护层卸压井上下立体开发技术;晋城矿区发育高透气性高瓦斯原生结构煤,形成中厚硬煤层四区联动井上下立体开发技术;松藻矿区发育松软低渗突出煤层群,形成了近距离三区配套三超前增透开发技术。我国煤层气开发突破了深度极限、厚度下限、单类型气体开发和复杂构造背景局限,形成了中国特色煤层气开发地质理论认识。西北和东北地区中低煤阶煤层气、南方复杂构造区煤层气、大型盆地腹部深−超深煤层气开发潜力仍有待进一步挖掘。我国煤层气开发在不同埋深、煤阶、厚度和构造背景下均实现了显著突破,有望推动和引领全球煤层气产业发展The coalbed methane resources in China are characterized by wide geographical distribution,large time span,significant quality differences and complex coal-forming conditions,thus establishing a coalbed methane development system suitable for geological characteristics can greatly reduce the difficulty of mining and promote industrial development.Through the systematic summary of typical successful cases of commercial development of coalbed methane in China over the past 30 years,including shallow high rank coalbed methane in Panzhuang,shallow medium-low rank coalbed methane in Baode,medium deep coalbed methane in South Yanchuan,deep coalbed methane in Daning-Jixian,thin coalbed methane in Panhe,coal and coalbed methane co-mining in Huainan and Huaibei,gas drainage in four regions linkage in Jincheng and gas drainage in three regions linkage in Songzao,the main understanding is as follows:The shallow high rank coal in Panzhuang and Panhe have high gas content,high permeability,and weak hydrodynamics under the synclinal-hydrological gas control model,forming a single-layer development model of single/multiple horizontal wells for shallow high rank coal.The vertical well multi combination three-dimensional development model is formed based on the comprehensive gas bearing characteristics of thin ultra-thin coal seams in multiple layers.The low rank coal in Baode has high gas saturation,stable structure,and the presence of biogas supply under the positive structure-hydrological gas control model,forming a shallow low rank coal big platform cluster well development model.The coal seams in southern Yanchuan are relatively buried deep,with low porosity,low permeability,low pressure,and weak hydrodynamics,forming an effective support-fine drainage development model for medium-deep coal seam.The coal seam located in the west of Daning-Jixian has a deep burial depth,low porosity and permeability,high free gas content,and weak hydrodynamics,forming a deep coal volume fracturing horizontal well development model.The Huainan

关 键 词：深层煤层气 浅层煤层气 瓦斯抽采 薄煤层 体积压裂 富集模式 开发模式 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]