晋西黄土区不同林龄刺槐人工林土壤磷组分特征  

Patterns of soil phosphorous fractions across a chronosequence of Robinia pseudoacacia plantations in the loess region of western Shanxi Province

作　　者：陆善洪 毕华兴[1,2,3,4] 赵丹阳 管凝 韩金丹 LU Shanhong;BI Huaxing;ZHAO Danyang;GUAN Ning;HAN Jindan(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China;Ji County Station,Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network(CNERN),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Soil and Water Conservation/Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation/Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering.Ministry of Education(Beijing Forestry University),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [3]山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100083 [4]水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室/北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心/林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2025年第4期646-657,共12页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家重点研发课题(2022YFF1300401)。

摘　　要：以晋西黄土区吉县蔡家川流域不同林龄(18 a、22 a、26 a、30 a、33 a、40 a)刺槐人工林为研究对象,使用Hedley磷素分级方法,探究不同林龄刺槐人工林0~100 cm土层土壤磷组分(H_(2)O-P、NaHCO_(3)-P、NaOH-P、D.HClP、C.HCl-P、Residual-P)分布模式,明晰不同林龄刺槐林地土壤磷组分变化并探讨土壤理化性质对土壤磷组分变化的影响。结果表明:(1)不同林龄刺槐林地0~100 cm土壤深度下的平均土壤全磷含量为:30 a(590.44 mg·kg^(-1))>26a(571.68 mg·kg^(-1))>22 a(527.05 mg·kg^(-1))>18 a(517.83 mg·kg^(-1))>33 a(490.71 mg·kg^(-1))>40 a(464.49 mg·kg^(-1));6个林龄中土壤磷组分占比为:稳定态磷>残留态磷>中等活性态磷>活性态磷。(2)土壤磷各组分则呈现出先增加后减少的趋势,30 a刺槐林的土壤磷各组分含量最大。随着土层深度增加,土壤全磷及土壤磷组分的含量均减少。(3)冗余分析结果显示,土壤全氮含量和土壤p H分别是影响土壤磷组分变化的主要因素。造林初期的刺槐林土壤磷组分逐渐积累,在中林龄时达到高峰,随着林龄的增长磷的限制效应逐渐增强,达到成熟后土壤磷组分逐渐下降。因此,从磷分含量限制的角度而言,在30 a时适当施用磷肥可改善晋西黄土区刺槐人工林后期的磷缺乏问题。This study examines Robinia pseudoacacia plantations of different stand ages(18,22,26,30,33,and 40 years)in the Caijiachuan watershed of Jixian County,located in the Loess Plateau region of western Shanxi.Using the Hedley phosphorous fractionation method,we investigated the distribution patterns of soil phosphorous fractions(H2O-P,NaHCO3-P,NaOH-P,D.HCl-P,C.HCl-P,and Residual-P)in the 0-100 cm soil layer across different stand ages.This study clarifies how soil phosphorous fractions change with stand age and explores the influence of soil physicochemical properties on these changes.The results showed that the average total phospho-rous content at 0-100 cm soil depth followed this trend:30 a(590.44 mg·kg^(-1))>26 a(571.68 mg·kg^(-1))>22 a(527.05 mg·kg^(-1))>18 a(517.83 mg·kg^(-1))>33 a(490.71 mg·kg^(-1))>40 a(464.49 mg·kg^(-1)).The distribution of phos-phorous fractions in the soil followed the order:stable phosphorous>residual phosphorous>moderately active phosphorous>active phosphorous.Each phosphorous fraction initially increased and then decreased with stand age,peaking in the 30-year-old plantation.Additionally,as the soil depth increased,both total phosphorous and phosphorous fractions decreased.Redundancy analysis revealed that soil total nitrogen content and soil pH were the primary factors influencing the phosphorous fraction variations.These findings suggest that in the early stages of afforestation,soil phosphorous fractions gradually accumulate in R.pseudoacacia plantations,peaking at mid-dle stand ages.However,as the stand age increases,phosphorous limitation becomes more pronounced,leading to a gradual decline in phosphorous fractions after maturing.Therefore,from the perspective of phosphorous limi-tation,appropriate phosphorous fertilization at around 30 years of age can effectively mitigate phosphorous defi-ciency in mature R.pseudoacacia plantations in the Loess Plateau region of western Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：土壤磷组分 森林土壤 刺槐 晋西黄土区 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]