不同供氮水平下宁夏枸杞养分吸收利用特征研究  

Nutrient absorption and utilization of Lycium barbarum under different nitrogen supply levels in Ningxia

作　　者：窦家晅 徐利岗 苑蒙飞 汤英 DOU Jiaxuan;XU Ligang;YUAN Mengfei;TANG Ying(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Digital Water Control of Yellow River Water Networking,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Institute of Hydraulic Sciences,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏黄河水联网数字治水重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏水利科学研究院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2025年第4期754-765,共12页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：宁夏自然科学重点基金项目(2022AAC02075);国家自然科学基金项目(52469013)资助。

摘　　要：为探明宁夏枸杞养分需求规律,以4年生“宁杞七号”为研究对象,基于无土栽培营养液循环利用试验装置,以氮素浓度为控制指标设置4个处理(150 mg·L^(-1)、210 mg·L^(-1)、270 mg·L^(-1)和350 mg·L^(-1)),监测枸杞长势、产量、品质指标,并检测全生育期枸杞对各营养元素的吸收量。结果表明:枸杞对大中量元素的吸收量为N>K>Ca>Mg>P,微量元素为Fe>B>Mn>Zn>Cu;春梢生长期N、K吸收最高分别为1.578 g·d^(-1)、0.954 g·d^(-1),始花期P、Fe、B吸收最高为0.029 g·d^(-1)、9.321 mg·d^(-1)、3.935 mg·d^(-1),夏果期Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn、Cu吸收最高,为0.254 g·d^(-1)、0.764 g·d^(-1)、1.113 mg·d^(-1)、0.498 mg·d^(-1)、0.184 mg·d^(-1);产量与N、P、K吸收量相关系数分别为0.95、0.98、0.84,与各微量元素不具有显著相关关系。利用TOPSIS熵权法分析确定T4处理(N素浓度350 mg·L^(-1))最优,则生产1000 kg枸杞干果需吸收N 269.92 kg、P 5.96 kg、K 133.93 kg、Ca 135.73 kg、Mg 48.81 kg、Mn 534.04 g、Fe 1729.08 g、Zn 96.79 g、Cu 41.08 g、B 737.49 g,利用比例为N:P:K:Ca:Mg=10:0.22:4.96:5.03:1.81,Fe:Mn:Zn:Cu:B=10:3.09:0.56:0.24:4.27。This study explored the nutrient requirements of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia using a 4-year-old“Ningqi No.7.”Four treatments(150 mg·L^(-1),210 mg·L^(-1),270 mg·L^(-1),and 350 mg·L^(-1))were set up using nitro-gen concentration as the control index based on an experimental device for nutrient recycling in soilless cultiva-tion.The growth,yield,and quality indexes of L.barbarum were monitored,and nutrient absorption during growth was examined.The results showed that the absorption of large and medium elements(N>K>Ca>Mg>P)as well as trace elements(Fe>B>Mn>Zn>Cu).Maximum N and K absorption was 1.578 g·d^(-1) and 0.954 g·d^(-1) at the spring shoot growth stage,0.029 g·d^(-1),9.321 mg·d^(-1),and 3.935 mg·d^(-1) at the first flowering stage,and 0.254 g·d^(-1),0.764 g·d^(-1),1.113 mg·d^(-1),0.498 mg·d^(-1),and 0.184 mg·d^(-1) at the summer fruit stage.N,P,and K uptake had corre-lation coefficients of 0.95,0.98,and 0.84 with yield,respectively,and none significant for the trace elements.The TOPSIS entropy weight analysis identified the T4 treatment(350 mg·d^(-1))as optimal.Producing 1000 kg of dried wolfberry fruit required the absorption of 269.92 kg of N,5.96 kg of P,133.93 kg of K,135.73 kg of Ca,48.81 kg of Mg,534.04 g of Mn,1729.08 g of Fe,96.79 g of Zn,41.08 g of Cu,and 737.49 g of B,with nutrient utiliza-tion ratios of N:P:K:Ca:Mg=10:0.22:4.96:5.03:1.81(major elements)and Fe:Mn:Zn:Cu:B=10:3.09:0.56:0.24:4.27(trace elements).

关 键 词：枸杞 营养元素吸收 养分利用特征 TOPSIS熵权法 宁夏 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]