海南油茶花期观赏特性动态分析  

Evaluation of the Ornamental Characteristics of Camellia hainanica Based on Morphological Characteristics

作　　者：蔡煜祺 冯纪福 宋希强 李奇 冯雪萍 Cai Yuqi;Feng Jifu;Song Xiqiang;Li Qi;Feng Xueping(Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants/College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,HaiKou Hainan 570228;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,HangZhou Zhejiang 311400)

机构地区：[1]海南省热带特色花木资源生物学重点实验室/海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《热带林业》2025年第1期45-49,44,共6页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：海南省南渡江迈湾水利枢纽次生热带雨林人工抚育试验(HD-KYH-2022322)。

摘　　要：海南油茶作为中国南方地区独特的木本油料树种,提供优质食用油源,产出丰富的经济和自然生态价值的同时,其所具有的观赏价值却常常被忽视。海南油茶是热带城市植物景观营造的重要乡土资源,花期持久,观赏性十足。然而,当前对其园林价值的观赏评价仍存在不足。研究通过计算调查范围内的海南油茶的花期长度、开花同步性、花朵数量动态与开花峰值特征等花期观赏指标,结果表明花期中呈现“开花量集中爆发与个体长时期延续并存”的观赏特征,群体花期跨越10月下旬至次年1月上旬,显著长于内陆普通油茶产区,具有极大的观赏价值及潜力。基于AHP层次分析法构建的花期观赏特性评价体系,通过整合开花总时长、开花强度峰值与盛花持续期三个核心指标,成功筛选出具有高开花强度和盛花时间持久特征的高分单株44株,综合评分X在0.40~0.78(含)的区间中,共占比22.5%。Camellia hainanica,as a unique woody oilseed tree species in southern China,could provide high-quality edible oil sources and produce rich economic and natural ecological value,but its ornamental value is often overlooked.C.hainanica is an important native resource for tropical urban plant landscape creation with long-lasting flowering time and high ornamental value.However,the current ornamental evaluation of its garden value is insufficient.The study calculated the ornamental indicators of the flowering period of C.hainanica such as the length of flowering period,the synchronization of flowering,the flower number dynamics,and the peak flowering characteristics within the survey scope,showing an ornamental feature of“the concentrated outbreak of the flowering quantity coexisting with the long-term continuation of individual plants”.The flowering period of the population spans from late October to early January of the following year,significantly longer than that in the common Camellia oleifera production areas inland,bearing great ornamental value and potential.Based on the AHP,the evaluation system of the ornamental characteristics of the flowering period was constructed.And through integrating three core indexes of the total flowering time,peak value of flowering intensity,and blooming duration,44 high-scored individuals with a comprehensive score of 0.40-0.78 were successfully screened out,accounting for 22.5%in total,which have the characteristics of high flowering intensity and long duration of full bloom.

关 键 词：油茶 观花植物 层次分析法 盛花期 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]