海南万宁大洲岛国家级海洋生态自然保护区鸟类调查  

Bird Survey in Hainan Wanning Dazhou Island National Marine Ecological Nature Reserve

作　　者：徐泽君 文卓玉 刘辉 刘国琪 蔡挺 任荣霞 王合升 Xu Zejun;Wen Zhuoyu;Liu Hui;Liu Guoqi;Cai Ting;Ren Rongxia;Wang Hesheng(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570228;Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 571100;Haikou Duotan Wetlands Institute,Haikou Hainan 570288;Hainan Wanning Dazhoudao National Marine Ecological Nature Reserve Management Office,Wanning Hainan 571500)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,海南海口571100 [3]海口湿地研究所,海南海口570288 [4]海南万宁大洲岛国家级海洋生态自然保护区管理处,海南万宁571500

出　　处：《热带林业》2025年第1期54-60,共7页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：2022年中央财政林业改革发展资金项目(HNHS-2021-64)“大洲岛金丝燕调查监测”。

摘　　要：鸟类对于栖息地和环境的敏感变化决定了鸟类活动的研究对环境评估至关重要。为了监测海南万宁大洲岛国家级海洋生态自然保护区鸟类分布状况,研究于2022年11月至2023年9月在大洲岛保护区及东澳湿地共计开展6次野外鸟类调查。采用样线调查方法,在大洲岛保护区内设置4条长度1km的调查样线,包含了大洲岛岸礁、沙滩、人工林、灌丛等典型生境。为了更好地了解大洲岛与附近陆地区域鸟类群落之间的关系,在与大洲岛隔海相望的东澳湿地设置鸟类监测样线3条,每条样线长度2km。调查共记录到大洲岛鸟类39种,隶属7目19科,其中国家二级重点保护鸟种7种:爪哇金丝燕、褐翅鸦鹃、岩鹭、黑喉噪鹛、褐耳鹰、凤头蜂鹰和普通鵟。文章讨论了大洲岛持续开展鸟类调查监测的必要性,以及鸟类调查与主要保护对象爪哇金丝燕的关系,并就保护区管理提出对策与建议。The sensitive responses of birds to changes in their habitats and environment determine that the study of avian activities is of crucial significance for environmental assessment.To monitor the distribution of birds in the Dazhou Island National Marine Ecological Nature Reserve in Wanning,Hainan Province,this research conducted a total of six field bird surveys in the reserve and Dong'ao Wetland from November 2022 to September 2023.The line transect method was adopted,by which four survey transects with a length of 1 kilometer were set up in the reserve,covering typical habitats such as coastal tidal flats,lagoons,artificial forests,and shrublands on Dazhou Island.To gain a better understanding of the relationship between the bird communities on Dazhou Island and nearby land areas,three bird monitoring transects were set up in Dong'ao Wetland across the sea from Dazhou Island,with each transect being 2 kilometers long.A total of 39 bird species belonging to 19 families and 7 orders were recorded on Dazhou Island during this survey.Among them,there are 7 species of national second-class key-protected birds:Aerodramus fuciphagus,Centropus sinensis,Egretta sacra,Garrulax chinensis,Accipiter badius,Pernis ptilorhynchus,and Buteo japonicus.We also discussed the necessity of continuous bird surveys and monitoring and its relationship with the protection of the key-protected species,A.fuciphagus,and provided countermeasures and suggestions for the management of the reserve based on the survey results.

关 键 词：鸟类调查 大洲岛 野生动物保护 

分 类 号：X503.224[环境科学与工程—环境工程]