一种适用于海洋工况的远程动力钳装置的研制  

Development of a remote automatic unscrew device for marine engineering

作　　者：王春蕾 高明帅 孙军盈 杨雨濛 黄江涛 张伟 臧臣坤 王璐 WANG Chunlei;GAO Mingshuai;SUN Junying;YANG Yumeng;HUANG Jiangtao;ZHANG Wei;ZANG Chenkun;WANG Lu(China Geological Equipment Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]中地装(北京)科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100120

出　　处：《地质装备》2025年第2期1-5,11,共6页Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering

摘　　要：海上钻探是勘查海洋资源、能源以及海洋工程建设的重要手段,但海上钻探比陆地钻探的工况更加复杂,最为突出的就是受海浪影响及作业空间的限制,传统的人工孔口作业变得更加危险,尤其是频次高、载重大、安全性差的管柱拧卸作业迫切需要采用自动化的方式代替人工作业。本文通过结合项目组研制的HDG800型海洋钻机提出一种适用于海洋工况的远程动力钳装置,将所有动作纳入一体化司钻控制系统,通过司钻远程控制实现拧卸装置管柱识别、自动就位、远程换挡、自动拧卸、钳口对正等功能,可实现±1.5 m海浪升沉补偿工况下的钻杆拧卸作业自动化,降低海浪下狭窄作业空间的人工拧卸作业风险,提升海洋钻探的效率和安全。Offshore drilling is an important means for marine resource,energy and marine engineering construction.However,compared with onshore drilling,the working conditions of offshore drilling are more complex with the most notable challenges being the influence of sea waves and limited workspace,which makes the traditional manual wellhead operation more dangerous.Therefore,it is particularly urgent to replace manual labor with automation for the pipe string unscrewing operation with high frequency,heavy load and poor safety.Based on the HDG800 offshore drilling machine developed by the project team,the authors propose a remote automatic unscrew device mainly using power tongs for marine engineering.This device can achieve the automation of pipe string loading and unloading operation.Through remote control of the driller,it enables functions such as pipe recognition,automatic positioning,remote gear shifting,automatic unscrewing and tong alignment,meets the requirements of pipe loading and unloading operation under±1.5 m wave heave compensation condition,therefore reduces the risk of manual unscrew operation in limited workspace under wave condition,and improves the efficiency and safety of offshore drilling.

关 键 词：海洋工况 远程动力钳 自动控制 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P756.5[天文地球—地质学]