小口径浅层地下水监测井便携式清淤设备的研发与应用  

Development and application of portable desilting equipment for small diametershallow groundwater monitoring wells

作　　者：王泽 张旭 李中明 肖尧 凌波 WANG Ze;ZHANG Xu;LI Zhongming;XIAO Yao;LING Bo(Survey and Monitoring Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of Hunan Province,Changsha 410014,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水文地质环境地质调查监测所,长沙410014

出　　处：《地质装备》2025年第2期12-16,共5页Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：湖南省水文地质环境地质调查监测所科研项目(编号:HNSHKY202310)。

摘　　要：近年来,湖南省建设了大量以PVC管护壁的小口径浅层地下水环境监测井。受滤水装置安装不当、滤料粒径级配不合理、PVC井管破碎及泥砂沉积等因素影响,监测井普遍淤积,影响水样采样工作。传统清淤方法在这类监测井中易损坏管壁,且受场地限制难以实施,导致淤积监测井常被废弃重建,造成资源浪费。针对这些问题,本所研发了一套集成于常规皮卡车上的便携式清淤装备。该装备融合正循环和反循环两种清淤工艺,正循环利用高压气流冲击搅动淤积物,反循环借助气液混合器形成负压吸除淤积物。通过在湖南省内各市州对30口监测井进行清淤实践,结果显示24口监测井清淤后淤积率低于5%,达到了预期目标,大幅减少了监测井废弃重建情况,提高了监测井使用率,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。后续将持续优化该设备,提升其在恶劣工况下的适应性。In recent years,a large number of small-diameter shallow groundwater environmental monitoring wells with PVC casings has been built in Hunan province.Affected by factors such as improper installation of water-filtering devices,unreasonable particle size gradation of filter materials,PVC pipe breakage and sediment deposition,these monitoring wells are generally silted up,which affects the water sampling work.Traditional desilting methods are likely to damage the well wall in such monitoring wells,and are difficult to implement due to site limitation,resulting in the abandonment and reconstruction of the silted monitoring wells and leading to resource waste.To address these issues,the institute has developed a set of portable desilting equipment integrated on a conventional pickup truck.This equipment combines two desilting processes:positive circulation and reverse circulation,in the former process,high-pressure airflow is used to impact and stir the sediment,while in the latter process,a gas-liquid mixer is used to create negative pressure and remove the sediment.Through the desilting practices on 30 monitoring wells in various cities and prefectures of Hunan province,the results showed that the siltation rate of 24 monitoring wells was less than 5%after dredging,achieving the expected goal,significantly reducing the abandonment and reconstruction of monitoring wells,improving the utilization rate of monitoring wells,and achieving good economic and social benefits.In the future,this equipment will be continuously optimized to improve its adaptability under harsh working conditions.

关 键 词：地下水监测井 便携式清淤设备 冲洗喷头 气液混合器 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]