固定床渣油加氢装置反应器压力降分析  

Analysis of pressure drop in reactor of fixed bed residue hydrogenation unit

作　　者：李旭贺 张成 严寒雪 刘铁斌 耿新国 袁胜华 LI Xuhe;ZHANG Cheng;YAN Hanxue;LIU Tiebin;GENG Xinguo;YUAN Shenghua(Sinopec(Dalian)Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116045,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116045

出　　处：《石油化工》2025年第4期531-535,共5页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：选取典型固定床渣油加氢工业装置,逐一分析了前后反应器压力降变化情况,确定了反应器压力降增长的直接原因,并由此提出了解决措施。实验结果表明,原料中的重组分因催化剂失活而无法转化,被催化剂表面已沉积的重金属诱发发生缩合反应,且生焦前体自身也富含重金属,加之氢气无法进入焦核部位将热量带出,形成恶性循环。装置运行过程中应主动提高反应加热炉出口温度,保证前部反应器催化剂的大分子转化能力,使稠环芳烃等大分子能够及时分解。此外,将固定床渣油加氢装置内构件技术与催化剂技术结合,也能够有效延缓第一反应器压力降上涨。Typical fixed bed residue hydrogenation unit was selected.The changes of pressure drop in the reactor were analyzed one by one.The direct reason for the increased pressure drop in the reactor was determined to put forward the solution.The experimental results show that the heavy components in the feedstock can not be converted due to catalyst deactivation and be induced to undergo condensation reactions by the heavy metals deposited on the catalyst surface.Moreover,the precursors of coke formation themselves are rich in heavy metals,and the hydrogen can not enter the coke core to remove the heat,thus forming a vicious cycle.During the operation of the unit,the outlet temperature of the reaction heater should be actively increased to ensure the ability of the catalyst in the front reactor to convert large molecules.Therefore,large molecules such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be decomposed in time.In addition,the combination of the internal component technology and catalyst technology in the fixed bed residue hydrogenation unit can also effectively delay the increase in the pressure drop in the first reactor.

关 键 词：固定床 渣油加氢 压力降 结焦 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]