优化与修复:“结构-过程”视角下基层政府治理能力提升研究  

Optimization and Repair: A Study on Enhancing the Governance Capacity of Grassroots Governments from the Perspective of “Structure-Process”

作　　者：邱实[1] QIU Shi(School of Public Administration,Nanjing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期86-96,共11页Journal of Hohai University:Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BZZ082)。

摘　　要：基层治理是国家治理的基石,而基层政府是基层治理的主体,其治理能力直接关系到基层治理的有效性。基层政府治理能力不足并不是单一性的具体问题,而是在基层治理过程中由多方因素引发的综合问题,因此形成了多类型的外在呈现。现实中,基层政府治理能力通过政府结构和行政过程呈现出来,既定的条块结构和治理结构是基层政府履行治理职责的条件,“结构”与“过程”呈互赖互动关系。因此,以“结构-过程”为分析视角,从结构刚性与过程异化探查基层政府治理能力不足的成因可知,其显示出纵向结构、条块结构和政社结构刚性所导致的治理过程“合规化”“多重化”“偏向化”以及相应的权责失衡、负担过度和社会治理虚化等问题。基于此,从“结构优化”和“过程修复”进一步寻求提升基层政府治理能力的有效方式:一方面,以“职责”柔化目标刚性,优化基层政府的治理结构,使之契合基层治理的现实需求,为过程修复奠定基础;另一方面,以“技术”修复运行机制,提升基层政府的治理效能,即通过行政技术、治理技术和数字技术的共同介入实现基层政府治理能力的整体跃升。Grassroots governance is the cornerstone of national governance,with grassroots governments acting as the main body of grassroots governance.Therefore,the governance capacity of grassroots governments is directly related to the effectiveness of grassroots governance.The inadequacy of the governance capacity of grassroots governments is not a specific issue but a multifaceted challenge arising from structural and procedural factors within grassroots governance practices.In reality,the governance capacity of grassroots governments manifests through government structures and administrative processes,where pre-established block structures and governance structures serve as the operational conditions for grassroots governments to fulfill governance responsibilities.The governance capacity of grassroots governments plays a role in this structure and the relationship between“structure”and“process”is interdependent and interactive.From the perspective of“structure-process”,this paper explores the causes for the inadequacy of governance capacity of grassroots government,which can be summarized as structural rigidity and process alienation,that is,the rigidity of vertical structure,block structure,and political and social structure leads to the phenomenon of“compliance”“multiplicity”,and“bias”in grassroots government governance.It leads to the imbalance of rights and responsibilities,excessive governance burden,and social governance virtualization for grassroots government governance.This paper further seeks effective ways to enhance the governance capacity of grassroots governments through“structural optimization”and“process repair”.On the one hand,we can soften the rigidity of goals with“responsibilities”and optimize the governance structure of grassroots governments to meet the practical needs of grassroots governance,laying the foundation for process repair.On the other hand,we can use“technology”to repair the operational mechanism and enhance the governance efficiency of grassro

关 键 词：基层治理 基层政府 治理能力 政府结构 政府过程 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]