基本公共服务均等化对城乡融合发展的影响研究  

The Impact of the Equalization of Basic Public Services on the Integrated Urban-Rural Development

作　　者：杨昕怡 YANG Xinyi(School of Marxism,Xi’an Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期147-160,共14页Journal of Hohai University:Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(18JZD010,19JZD003);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2023A024)。

摘　　要：我国人口城镇化进程持续推进,城乡二元结构逐步向城乡融合发展。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,城乡差距依然存在,其中基本公共服务均等化是民生保障的基石,是维护社会公平与稳定的关键抓手,也是弥合城乡差距、促进城乡融合发展的必要基础。基于261个地级市2000—2021年面板数据,构建数理模型与结构方程模型,系统探讨基本公共服务均等化对城乡融合发展的作用机制。通过整合Devarajan财政支出框架发现:基本公共服务均等化支出规模与效率正向影响农业转移人口效用,而税负与行政支出则产生了抑制效应;中央转移支付通过平衡地区资源提升基本公共服务均等化感知水平,户籍制度改革将转移支付基准从户籍人口转向常住人口继而缓解了流动人口服务缺失;专项资金通过精准激励地方政府吸纳农业转移人口,优化基本公共服务均等化配置。结构方程结果显示:基本公共服务均等化与城市便利性显著推动了城乡融合发展,环境污染则构成阻碍;财政支出和户籍改革是基本公共服务均等化的核心驱动力,专项资金因政策时效性与数据限制效应未达显著;稳健性检验证实结论可靠性,且专项资金关联性初显。研究突破了单一视角局限,融合财政、制度与政策变量构建综合模型,揭示基本公共服务均等化对城乡融合的非线性影响,强调“市场政府”协同机制,主张通过结构性改革释放要素流动潜力,为政策设计提供了实证依据。China’s population urbanization has been advancing steadily,with the urban-rural dual structure gradually evolving towards urban-rural integration.As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era,the urban-rural gap persists significantly.Basic public services serve as the cornerstone of livelihood security,a crucial means for maintaining social equity and stability,and an essential foundation for narrowing the urban-rural gap and promoting integrated urban-rural development.Based on the panel data of 261 prefecture-level cities from 2000 to 2021,this paper constructs a mathematical model and a structural equation model to explore the mechanism of the impact of the equalization of basic public services on integrated urban-rural development.This paper integrates the Devarajan fiscal expenditure framework and finds that the scale and efficiency of expenditures on the equalization of basic public services positively impact the utility of the agricultural transfer population.Conversely,the tax burden and administrative expenditures exert a restraining effect.Central transfer payments enhance the perceived level of the equalization of basic public service by balancing regional resources.The household registration system reform shifts the benchmark of transfer payments from the registered population to the permanent population,thereby alleviating the shortage of services for the floating population.Special funds precisely motivate local governments to absorb the agricultural transfer population and optimize the equalization allocation of basic public services.The results of the structural equation model indicate that the equalization of basic public services and urban convenience significantly promotes integrated urban-rural development,while environmental pollution acts as an impediment.Fiscal expenditure and household registration reform are the core drivers for the equalization of basic public services.Due to policy timeliness and data limitations,the effect of special funds is not statistically signific

关 键 词：城乡融合发展 基本公共服务均等化 财政支持 户籍制度改革 市民化专项资金 

分 类 号：F812.2[经济管理—财政学] F812.4