涉水产品的卫生风险评价指标体系构建与卫生监管  

System Construction of Health Risk Evaluation Indices and Health Supervision for Water-Related Products

作　　者：应亮 张怡琼 赵奕涵 张黄沁 刘雨 毛洁 YING Liang;ZHANG Yiqiong;ZHAO Yihan;ZHANG Huangqin;LIU Yu;MAO Jie(The Supervision Institute of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 200031,China;Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 200125,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市卫生健康委员会监督所,上海200031 [2]上海市卫生健康委员会,上海200125

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第4期12-16,48,共6页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家疾控局综合监督二司研究项目:涉水产品行政许可事中事后监管研究。

摘　　要：【目的】利用德尔菲咨询法,探索构建涉水产品卫生风险评价指标体系,并在此基础上提出进一步加强涉水产品卫生监督管理的建议。【方法】结合文献、标准和工作经验初步确定涉水产品卫生风险评价指标体系框架,采用德尔菲咨询法抽取12名相关领域从业人员进行2轮咨询,对指标进行评分和筛选,并采用模糊层次分析法确定指标的权重,最后根据评价指标权重提出进一步加强涉水产品卫生监管的建议。【结果】2轮咨询从业人员的积极系数均为100%,对指标判断系数为0.662,熟悉程度为0.921,权威系数为0.79;2轮咨询协调系数分别为0.192和0.521(P均<0.05)。通过2轮咨询,最终确定了由4个一级指标、14个二级指标和24个三级指标构建的涉水产品卫生风险评价指标体系,提示产品监管风险、产品生产风险对涉水产品卫生风险评价影响相对较大,以及产品原料安全性的重要性。【结论】根据涉水产品卫生风险评价指标体系构建的结果,提出应持续构建政府-企业-社会相结合的立体监管机制,强化涉水产品规范使用,探索建立基于原料管理的涉水产品管理模式,并推动涉水产品生产环节现代化改造等加强涉水产品卫生管理的建议。[Objective]To explore the construction of a sanitary risk evaluation index system for water-related products by using the Delphi consnlting method,and to put forward suggestions for further strengthening the supervision and management of water-related products on this basis.[Methods]The framework of sanitary risk evaluation index system for water-related products is initially determined by combining the literature,standards and work experience.12 practitioners engaged in related fields are selected for 2 rounds of consultation by using Delphi consulting method.The indices are scored and screened and the weights of the indices are determined by fuzzy hierarchical analysis,and finally,suggestions for further strengthening the supervision and management of waterrelated products are put forward on the basis of the weights of the evaluation indices.[Results]The positive coefficients of the practitioners in 2 rounds of consultation are both 100%.The judgment coefficient of the practitioners on indices is 0.662,the familiarity level is 0.921 and the authority coefficient is 0.79.The coordination coefficients of the practitioners in the 1st and 2nd rounds of consultation are 0.192 and 0.521 respectively(P both<0.05).The health risk evaluation index system for water-related products constructed by 4 first-level,14 second-level and 24 third-level indices is finalized by the 2 rounds of consultation,suggesting that the influence of product regulatory risk and product production risk on the sanitary risk assessment of water-related products are relatively large,as well as the significance of safety of raw materials of the products.[Conclusion]Based on the result of the construction of hygiene risk evaluation index system for water-related products,it is proposed that a three-dimensional monitoring mechanism combining government,enterprise and society should be built continuously,the standardized use of water-related products should be strengthened,the management mode of water-related products based on the regulation of raw m

关 键 词：涉水产品 风险评价 指标体系 监督 德尔菲咨询法 

分 类 号：R126[医药卫生—环境卫生学]