偕胺肟化纳米多孔微球的制备及其对六价铬的超强吸附性能  

Preparation of Functionalized Nanoporous Amidoxime Microspheres and the Super Performance for Chromium Adsorption

作　　者：李文彦 李保君 涂永辉 LI Wenyan;LI Baojun;TU Yonghui(Skshu New Materials ResearchCo.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201100,China;School of Management,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Architectural Coating,Skshu Paint Co.,Ltd.,Putian 351100,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Aerospace Special Environmental Polymer Functional Materials Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai200245,China)

机构地区：[1]三棵树<上海>新材料研究有限公司,上海201100 [2]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433 [3]福建省建筑涂料企业重点实验室,三棵树涂料股份有限公司,福建莆田351100 [4]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240 [5]上海航天特种环境高分子功能材料工程技术研究中心,上海200245

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第4期126-133,共8页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22306120);上海市优秀学术/技术带头人计划资助(23XD1431800);上海航天先进技术联合研究基金(USCAST2022-24);福建省STS计划配套院省合作项目(2023T3053)。

摘　　要：【目的】制备偕胺肟化纳米多孔微球,探索成孔机理,并探究微球对六价铬超强吸附性能,为含铬涂料工业废水处理提供数据支撑。【方法】以聚丙烯腈、聚苯乙烯为原材料,基于热致相分离技术制备含纳米孔的微球前驱体,经偕胺肟反应得到偕胺肟化纳米多孔微球(AMS),并研究其对六价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)]的吸附情况。【结果】结果表明,选用二甲基亚砜为稀释剂,聚合物质量分数为2%,可制备粒径均匀的AMS,微球表面粗糙,富含多重纳米孔洞,孔隙率高达89.5%。成孔机理为:快速的淬火冷却,引起显著的Mullins-Sekerka不稳定性,致使产生纳米尺度的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)晶体,最终演化为纳米孔洞。【结论】在pH值为4.0时,AMS对Cr(Ⅵ)具有高的吸附容量(463.9 mg/g),远高于文献报道的其他铬吸附材料,展现出对涂料行业铬污染物的高去除潜力。[Objective]This study reports the preparation of amidoxime-functionalized nanoporous microsphere and its pore formation mechanism,and investigates the strong adsorption performance for hexavalent chromium,providing data support for the treatment of chromium-contained coating industrial wastewater.[Methods]Nanoporous microsphere precursor was prepared using polyacrylonitrile and polystyrene as raw material based on thermally induced phase separation technology,and amidoxime functionalized nanoporous microsphere(AMS)was obtained through amidoxime reaction.The adsorption of hexavalent chromium[Cr(Ⅵ)]on AMS was studied.[Results]The result showed that AMS with uniform diameter could be prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide as the diluent and controlling polymer mass fraction of 2%.The surface of the microsphere was rough,which was rich in multiple nanopores,and the porosity was as high as 89.5%.The mechanism of nanopore formation included:Rapid quenching and cooling caused significant Mullins-Seekerka instability,formating of nanoscale dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)crystals and ultimately evolving into nanopores.[Conclusion]At pH value of 4.0,AMS had high adsorption capacity for Cr(Ⅵ)(463.9 mg/g),which was much higher than other chromium adsorbents reported in literature,demonstrating its high potential for removing chromium pollutants.

关 键 词：吸附剂 微球 纳米孔 吸附 六价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)] 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]