技术封建主义思潮辨析:垄断资本主义的新形态  

An Analysis of Technofeudalism:A New Form of Monopoly Capitalism

作　　者：郑涵 Zheng Han

机构地区：[1]清华大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界社会主义研究》2025年第3期60-73,M0005,共15页World Socialism Studies

摘　　要：技术封建主义思潮是当代西方左翼学者概念化资本主义新形态的最新尝试,在现象层面揭示了数字时代科技巨头的核心特质与现实矛盾,但其分析路径已经背离了马克思主义。首先,科技巨头“封建领主”化的实质,是科技巨头作为产业资本家和商业资本家,凭借垄断技术控制了全球市场。其次,所谓数字用户的“云端佃农”化,只是表明资本支配劳动力的权力已经从劳动过程渗透到日常生活中,数字资本不仅控制着作为生产者的工人,也支配着作为再生产者的工人。最后,科技巨头不仅实现了对云端领域的瓜分,还将云端权力转化为干预国家政策的政治力量。技术封建主义论者对时代性质的误判和理论局限,提醒我们必须坚持马克思主义分析脉络剖析数字垄断资本主义的特质与弱点,找到通往新社会的出口。The trend of technofeudalism represents the latest attempt by contemporary Western leftist scholars to conceptualize a new form of capitalism.On the surface,it reveals the core characteristics and real contradictions of tech giants in the digital age,but its analytical approach has diverged from Marxism.First,the essence of the tech giants'orientation towards“feudal lord”lies in their role as industrial and commercial capitalists,who have gained control over the global market through monopolistic technology.Second,the name of“cloud tenants”for digital users merely indicate that the power of capital over labor has permeated from the labor process into daily life.Digital capital not only controls workers as producers but also dominates them as reproducers.Finally,tech giants have not only divided the cloud domain among themselves but have also transformed cloud power into a political power that intervenes in state policies.The misjudgment of the nature of the times and the theoretical limitations of the proponents of technofeudalism remind us that we must adhere to the analytical framework of Marxism to examine the characteristics and weaknesses of digital monopoly capitalism,thereby finding a pathway to a new society.

关 键 词：技术封建主义 垄断资本主义 科技巨头 数字资本 西方左翼 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]