论中国《民法典》财产权结构及其再演化  

The New Structure and Re-evolution of Property Rights in China's Civil Code

作　　者：龙卫球[1] 何傲翾 Long Weiqiu;He Aoxuan

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2025年第2期1-23,共23页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：中国《民法典》面向中国社会主义市场经济新变化和新趋势,设计了一种体现中国特色且深植时代语境的财产权结构。一方面表现为对于债与物二分结构在继受基础上面向经济增长逻辑作出许多新发展,重点体现为在民商合一架构下其形式和内容都更加丰富,并且将两种法律关系进一步推向财产化,加大其功能协同,促进和保障中国社会主义市场经济关系的活跃与安全;另一方面表现为财产权结构的明显扩张,由近现代二元并立发展为当今多元并立的财产权结构,在客体、类型、形式、内容等方面都体现显著变化,旨在推动更大范围的经济市场化转型和更高程度的重要资源的优化配置。这种财产权结构还会随着进一步全面深化改革要求而继续演化,未来财产权结构演化应是有节制的,应在继续追求更大激励作用和创新效率的基础上,加大对财产利益公平分配或共享的兼顾,并注意保护社会范畴和社会价值,必要时应借助规制或监管手段保障或促进财产权制度的上述基本功能。China's Civil Code is designed to address the new changes and trends in the socialist market economy by establishing a property rights structure that reflects Chinese characteristics while deeply rooted in the contemporary context.On the one hand,it represents significant developments in the traditional bifurcation of obligations and things,adapting this structure to align with the logic of economic growth.Notably,under the unified framework of civil and commercial law,the form and content of these relationships have become richer,further advancing their integration into property rights.This synergy enhances and safeguards the dynamism and security of China's socialist market economy.On the other hand,the property rights structure has undergone significant expansion.It has evolved from a dualistic structure rooted in modern traditions to a pluralistic and coexistent framework that exhibits substantial changes in its objects,categories,forms,and content.This evolution aims to promote broader economic marketization and optimize the allocation of key resources to a higher degree.As China's comprehensive reform deepens,the property rights structure is expected to continue evolving.However,future developments must be tempered,focusing not only on maximizing incentives and innovation efficiency but also on ensuring the equitable distribution and shared benefits of property interests.It is essential to protect societal values and the social domain,employing regulatory or supervisory measures when necessary to ensure that the fundamental functions of the property rights system are achieved.

关 键 词：《民法典》 财产权结构 债物二元 多元财产权结构 有节制财产化 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]