新生代农民工自由有序流动缩小收入差距的内在机理、现实障碍和政策举措  

Internal Mechanisms,Practical Obstacles and Policy Measures to Reduce Income Disparity Through Free and Orderly Mobility of New-generation Migrant Workers

作　　者：周振 刘隽彦 Zhou Zhen;Liu Junyan

机构地区：[1]国家发展改革委产业经济与技术经济研究所 [2]四川大学经济学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2025年第2期41-56,71,共17页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“混合经营对农村集体经济发展的作用机理及其政策体系研究”(21CJY060)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：人口流动既是塑造区域差异化发展的重要因素,也可能是弥合城乡、区域、群体间收入差距的有效途径。研究认为,新生代农民工是破解中国城乡、区域、群体三大收入差距的关键群体,是扩大中国中等收入群体的有生力量,对推进共同富裕具有战略意义。要围绕新生代农民工跨城乡、跨区域、跨行业自由有序流动,系统实施城乡要素改革、区域资源优化、培训制度提升重大举措,加快破除土地、资本与人口流动不同步,城市间公共资源配置机制不完善,新生代农民工人力资本积累机制不健全,农业转移人口市民化政策不配套的现实障碍,推进城乡要素资源自由交换、新生代农民工中小城市落户定居、产业工人队伍加快培育,加快促进城乡收入差距缩小、中西部地区内需潜力释放、中等收入群体培育,有效缩小城乡、区域、群体收入差距。Population mobility is both an important factor in shaping differentiated regional de-velopment and a potentially effective way to bridgethe income disparities between urban and rural are-as,regions and groups.The study concludes thatthe new-generation migrant workers is a key groupin cracking the three major income disparities be-tween urban and rural areas,regions and groups inChina,and that it is a living force in expandingChina's middle-income group,which is of strategicsignificance in promoting common prosperity.It isnecessary to focus on the free and orderly movementof new-generation migrant workers across urban andrural areas,regions and industries,systematicallyimplement major initiatives to reform urban and ruralfactors,optimize regional resources and upgrade thetraining system,accelerate the breaking down of thereal obstacles of the asynchrony of land,capital andpopulation movement,the imperfection of the mecha-nism for allocating public resources between cities,the inadequacy of the mechanism for accumulating the human capital of new-generation migrant workers,and the lack of complementary policies for the citizen-ship of the agricultural transfer population,so as topromote the free exchange of urban and rural factorresources,the settlement of new-generation migrantworkers in small and medium-sized cities,and theaccelerated cultivation of the industrial workforce;and accelerating the narrowing of the income dis-parities between urban and rural areas,the releaseof the potential for domestic demand in central andwestern regions,and the cultivation of middle-income groups,with a view to effectively narrowingthe income disparities between urban and rural are-as,regions and groups.

关 键 词：新生代农民工 收入差距 劳动力流动 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]