Targeted sounding observations from geostationary satellite and impacts on high impact weather forecasts  

作　　者：Wei HAN Ruoying YIN Jun LI Yongzhu LIU Jincheng WANG Yonghui LI Xiaohao QIN Zhiqing ZHANG Xueshun SHEN 

机构地区：[1]CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre(CEMC),Beijing,100081,China [2]National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing,100081,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China [4]State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW),Beijing,100081,China [5]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,101408,China

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》2025年第4期963-976,共14页中国科学(地球科学英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42075155,42205158);the China Meteorological Administration Fengyun Application Pioneering Project(Grant No.FY-APP-2021.0204)。

摘　　要：In monitoring and predicting high-impact weather(HIW)events,targeted atmospheric temperature and moisture sounding observations in sensitive areas are more valuable than conventional observations.The conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP)method and the linear singular vector(SV)method can be employed to identify these weather-sensitive areas for targeted observations.Such observations can be conducted by using hyperspectral infrared sounders onboard geostationary weather satellites.The Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS)onboard China's Fengyun(FY)-4geostationary satellite series can provide atmospheric sounding observations with a temporal resolution of up to 15 min over areas prone to active weather events.GIIRS offers unprecedented opportunities for targeted observations,enabling flexible measurement modes that focus on weather-sensitive areas.High-temporal-resolution measurements not only reveal the threedimensional(3D)thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere,but also track moisture characteristics to capture the 3D dynamic structure.Moreover,high-temporal-resolution measurements of clear radiances can enhance atmospheric sounding retrievals(used for HIW situation awareness)and data assimilation(used to improve numerical weather prediction).The four-dimensional variational(4D-Var)system facilitates the utilization of the high-temporal-resolution GIIRS targeted observations.In this study,we explore the applications of FY-4A and FY-4B GIIRS targeted observations and focus on data assimilation based on the 4DVar system for improving HIW forecasts.Several typhoon cases are selected for impact analysis.Moreover,we compare CNOP and SV methods for identifying sensitive areas,and use the 4D-Var assimilation system of the Global Assimilation Forecasting System of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA-GFS)for real-time data assimilation.The results indicate hightemporal-resolution observations positively impact typhoon forecasts,with higher temporal resolution yielding greater benefits

关 键 词：Targeted observations GIIRS Data assimilation High temporal resolution THORPEX 

分 类 号：P412.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]