数字服务合同中个人数据对价化的规范构造  

Standardized Construction of Personal Data as Consideration in Digital Service Contract

作　　者：黄清新 Huang Qingxin

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《法学》2025年第3期124-141,共18页Law Science

摘　　要：在数字服务合同中,消费者以个人数据换取数字服务的意思表示以及个人数据提供的给付对待性,构成个人数据对价化的理论基础。然而,个人数据对价化与个人数据处理同意的任意撤回之间存在价值抵牾,二者冲突缓和之路径在于确立数字服务合同与个人数据处理关系的双层构造,并厘定任意撤回同意的个人数据之类型。在个人数据对价化下,消费者撤回个人数据处理同意的债法效果应予修正。具言之,在义务履行层面,若消费者撤回个人数据处理之同意,则经营者仍可主张同时履行抗辩权,但存在适用边界;在损害赔偿层面,应类推适用《民法典》第1022条第2款,使消费者对撤回同意致经营者合理信赖落空所生损害承担赔偿责任,而且,基于个人信息保护与消费者倾斜保护的法政策考量,消费者撤回同意的损害赔偿范围宜限定为信赖利益损失。In digital service contract,the consumer's expression of intention to exchange personal data for digital service and the synallagma of the provision of personal data constitute the theoretical basis for personal data as consideration.However,there is a value conflict between personal data as consideration and the arbitrary withdrawal of consent to the processing of personal data.The way to mitigate the conflict is to establish a two-tier structure of the relationship between digital service contract and the processing of personal data,and to define the types of personal data for which consent is arbitrarily withdrawn.Under personal data as consideration,the effect of withdrawing consent to the processing of personal data should be amended.At the level of obligation performance,if the consumer withdraws consent,the operator can still claim the simultaneous performance of obligations,but there is a boundary of application;at the level of damages,paragraph 2 of Article 1022 of the Civil Code should be applied by analogy,so that the consumer will be liable for the damages of the operator.It is appropriate to limit the scope of damages to the loss of reliance interest based on legal policy considerations for the protection of personal information and the inclination of the protection of the consumer.

关 键 词：数字服务合同 个人数据对价化 撤回同意 分层构造 效果修正 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]