反不正当竞争法规制界限之反思  

Reflection on Regulatory Boundary of Anti-Unfair Competition Law

作　　者：陈耿华[1] Chen Genghua

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学智能司法研究院、经济法学院

出　　处：《法学》2025年第3期158-177,共20页Law Science

基　　金：2023年教育部后期项目“平台不正当竞争的中国规制方案研究”(23JHQ075);2022年智能司法研究院专项课题“数字时代反不正当竞争合规体系研究”(ZNHG2022K03)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字经济时代大量新型反竞争行为不断涌现,反不正当竞争法呈逐渐扩张适用态势,成为反垄断法、知识产权法等的“兜底法”。其直接原因在于反垄断法、知识产权法具有高规制门槛,而反不正当竞争法具有极强的适用弹性及实用主义规制便利;其根本原因则是对反不正当竞争法功能定位及法律属性的重大误解。反不正当竞争法的扩张适用容易扰乱市场内在机理,不仅混淆与反垄断法、侵权法的关系,还会导致法律分工的混乱。基于反不正当竞争法竞争观的演变、价值体系的改进、功能定位的矫正、社会本位原则的重申,有必要修正其规制界限。在规制界限缩限的背景下,应保留竞争关系要件并修正其在不正当竞争判断中的作用,矫正损害在行为判定中的角色定位,重视经济分析标准及明确其具体适用,创制商业道德应遵循法律论证分析框架,进一步澄清反不正当竞争法与反垄断法、知识产权法的关系。In the era of the digital economy, a large number of new anti-competitive behaviors are emerging, and the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is gradually expanding its application, becoming a ‘catchall law’ including Anti-Monopoly Law, Intellectual Property Law, and so on. The direct reason is that the Anti-Monopoly Law and Intellectual Property Law have high regulatory thresholds, while the Anti-Unfair Competition Law has strong application flexibility and pragmatism regulation convenience.The fundamental reason may be a major misunderstanding of the functional orientation and legal attributes of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. The expansion application of Anti-Unfair Competition Law is easy to disturb the internal mechanism of the market, confuse the relationship between Anti-Monopoly Law and Tort law,and cause confusion in legal division of labors. Based on the evolution of the competition concept of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the improvement of the value system of Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the correction of the functional orientation of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, and the reaffirmation of the social standard principle of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, it is necessary to amend the regulatory boundaries of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law.On this basis, it is necessary to reserve the element of competitive relationship and revise its role in determining unfair competition,correct the role of damages in the judgment of conduct,emphasize the criteria of economic analysis and clarify its specific application, follow the analytical framework of legal argumentation when creating business ethics, clarify the relationship between the Anti-Unfair Competition Law and the Anti-Monopoly Law and the Intellectual Property Law.

关 键 词：反不正当竞争法 规制界限 反垄断法 知识产权法 侵权法 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]