篮球鞋功能参数对人体运动生物力学的影响与启示  

Influence and implications of basketball shoes'functional parameters on human biomechanics

作　　者：杨祎铖 郑智臻 梁霜雪 吴成亮 杜芸芸[1,2,3] Yang Yicheng;Zheng Zhizhen;Liang Shuangxue;Wu Chengliang;Du Yunyun(Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei Province,China;Engineering Research Center of Sports Health Intelligent Equipment of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430079,Hubei Province,China;Key Laboratory of Sports Engineering of General Administration of Sports of China,Wuhan 430079,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院,湖北省武汉市430079 [2]运动健康智能装备湖北省工程研究中心,湖北省武汉市430079 [3]国家体育总局体育工程重点实验室,湖北省武汉市430079

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第35期7620-7628,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目(B2023211),项目负责人:杜芸芸;“十四五”湖北省高等学校优势特色学科(群)项目(鄂教研[2021]5号),项目参与人:杜芸芸。

摘　　要：背景:篮球鞋是篮球运动中最重要的运动装备之一,有助于球员的运动表现提升和降低损伤风险。随着篮球运动的发展,对篮球鞋性能的要求越来越高。目的:系统性回顾和总结不同篮球鞋功能参数对穿着者运动生物力学表现的影响,探究篮球鞋各项功能参数对运动表现和损伤风险的影响。方法:通过计算机检索中国知网、万方、Web of Science、ScienceDirect等数据库中篮球鞋功能参数对穿着者运动生物力学影响的试验研究,中文检索词包括“篮球,篮球鞋,鞋,运动生物力学,运动学,动力学”,英文检索词包括“basketball,shoe,shoes,footwear,biomechanics,kinematics,kinetics”,对检索到的文献进行评估和筛选,最终纳入61篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:篮球鞋功能参数的现有研究包括鞋帮高度和跟杯硬度、中底硬度、中底缓震性、中底厚度、前足弯折刚度、整鞋质量、外底抓地力等。篮球鞋功能参数调整在提升运动表现和降低运动损伤风险方面发挥一定作用:①相较于低帮鞋,高帮鞋能够降低踝关节扭伤的风险,但可能会影响运动表现、踝关节的本体感受和增加膝关节负荷;②更好的中底缓震性或更软的中底能够有效降低垂直方向的冲击,前掌缓震结构能够有效提升横向运动的运动表现;③前掌11 mm、后掌20 mm的中底厚度能够获得最佳的脚踝稳定性和冲刺表现;④提升篮球鞋外底的抓地力、前足弯折刚度能够显著改善跳跃、冲刺和侧切的运动表现,其中提升外底抓地力对运动表现的改善存在收益递减现象;⑤质量更轻的篮球鞋能够提升运动表现,但这种影响只发生在穿着者对鞋子质量知情的情况下。BACKGROUND:Basketball shoes are one of the most important pieces of athletic equipment in basketball,helping to improve players’performance and reduce the risk of injury.With the development of basketball,the demand for basketball shoe performance is getting higher and higher.OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and summarize the effects of different functional parameters of basketball shoes on the wearer’s biomechanical performance,and to investigate the effects of each functional parameter of basketball shoes on athletic performance and injury risk.METHODS:Relevant literature addressing the effect of basketball shoes’functional parameters on human biomechanics from CNKI,WanFang,Web of Science,ScienceDirect and other databases was searched by computer,with the search terms of“basketball,basketball shoe,shoes,footwear,sports biomechanics,kinematics,kinetics”in Chinese and English.All the retrieved literature was evaluated and screened,and finally 61 articles were included for literature review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Existing studies on functional parameters of basketball shoes include shoe collar height and heel counter-stiffness,midsole hardness,midsole cushioning,midsole thickness,forefoot flexural stiffness,whole shoe mass,and outsole traction.The functional parameters of basketball shoes play a role in improving sports performance and reducing the risk of sports injuries:(1)Compared with low-top shoes,high shoe collars can reduce the risk of ankle sprains,but may affect sports performance,ankle proprioception,and increase the load on the knee.(2)Better midsole cushioning or softer midsoles can effectively reduce vertical impact,and the forefoot cushioning structure can effectively improve the athletic performance of lateral movement.(3)The midsole thickness of 11 mm in the forefoot and 20 mm in the rearfoot can obtain the best ankle stability and sprinting performance.(4)Improving the outsole traction and forefoot bending stiffness can significantly improve the performance of jumping,sprinting,and sid

关 键 词：篮球鞋 运动生物力学 中底 鞋帮 外底 整鞋质量 运动表现 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R319[医药卫生—临床医学] G841[文化科学—体育训练]