论生活环境的法律保护  

On the Legal Protection of Living Environment

作　　者：蔡守秋[1] CAI Shouqiu

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2025年第2期23-49,共27页Journal Of CUPL

摘　　要：生活环境,是每个生活居住在城、镇和村庄的老百姓,可以自由、免费、非排他性使用(享用)的作为公众共用物的自然因素的总和。中国是较早在《宪法》中规定对生态环境和生活环境实行平行保护的国家。除普遍适用生态环境和生活环境保护的法律外,生活环境保护法主要指人为环境保护法、文化遗留益物保护法,如文物古迹保护法、城乡公园保护法、城乡道路保护法,以及其他城乡共用(共享)空间、地面、场所和设施保护法。公众共用是城乡共用物的基本属性,公众共用城乡共用物是生活环境的法治原则,有关共用城乡共用物的法律法规是生活环境保护法的主要组成部分。将城乡生活环境混同为具有排他性的财产,是淡化生活环境保护的一个原因。Living environment refers to the sum of all natural elements that every commoner living in cities,towns,and villages can freely,free of charge and non-exclusively use as public common things.China is one of the earlier countries to stipulate in its Constitution the parallel protection of ecological and living environments.In addition to universally applicable laws for the protection of ecological and living environments,the Living Environment Protection Law mainly refers to the law on the protection of artificial environment,the law on the protection of cultural heritage,such as the law on the protection of cultural relics and monuments,the law on the protection of urban and rural parks,the law on the protection of urban and rural roads,as well as laws on the protection for other common spaces,grounds,places,and facilities in urban and rural areas.Public common use is the fundamental attribute of urban and rural common goods while the public's common use of urban and rural common goods is the principle of the rule of law for the living environment.The laws and regulations regarding common goods of urban-rural commons are the main components of the living environment protection law.Confusing the urban and rural living environments with exclusive property is one of reasons for the downplaying of living environments protection.

关 键 词：公共财产 共用财富 生活环境 生态环境 生活环境保护法 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] D61[政治法律—政治学]