掺铝纳米氧化锌的分散性及对PET抗静电性能的影响  

Dispersion of aluminum-doped nano-zinc oxide and its effect on antistatic properties of PET

作　　者：梁家宏 杨崇岭 许杨洁 关丽涛 LIANG Jiahong;YANG Chongling;XU Yangjie;GUAN Litao(College of Materials and Energy,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Guangdong Industry Polytechnic University,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学材料与能源学院,广州510642 [2]广东轻工职业技术大学材料学院,广州510300

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2025年第4期143-151,共9页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：采用聚丙烯酸(PAA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为分散剂,在不同掺铝纳米氧化锌(AZO)浓度下制备AZO/乙二醇(EG)分散液,进一步应用于AZO/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)抗静电复合材料的制备,以研究不同分散剂对AZO在EG中的分散性及其对AZO/PET复合材料抗静电性能的影响。采用静置观察、偏光显微镜观察、粒度分析、热重分析以及表面电阻测试等表征了不同分散剂对AZO在EG中的分散效果、复合材料的抗静电性能、热稳定性及力学性能的影响。结果显示,使用PAA制备的AZO/EG分散液静置7 d后的中值粒径约为438 nm,低于未使用分散剂的分散液。同时,未添加分散剂的AZO/PET复合材料的起始分解温度为394.08℃,PAA的加入使AZO/PET复合材料起始分解温度提高至397.09℃,拉伸强度提高约10%,弯曲强度提高约5%。该复合材料的表面电阻率由1014Ω降至6.39×10^(9)Ω。结果表明,PEG和PVP对AZO的分散有帮助,而SDBS和CTAB加剧了AZO颗粒的团聚;相比较,PAA分散剂分散效果显著,配合AZO能有效提高PET复合材料的抗静电性能、热稳定性及力学强度。Polyacrylic acid(PAA),polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),polyethylene glycol(PEG),sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS),and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)were used as dispersants to prepare aluminium-doped zinc oxide(AZO)glycol dispersions with different concentrations of AZO nanoparticles,which were further applied in the preparation of AZO/Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)antistatic composites to investigate the effect of different dispersants on the dispersibility of AZO in ethylene glycol and its influence on the antistatic properties of AZO/PET composites.The dispersibility of AZO in ethylene glycol solvent and its effect on the antistatic properties of AZO/PET composites were investigated by different dispersants.The effects of different dispersants on the dispersion effect of AZO in ethylene glycol,the antistatic properties,thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composites were characterized using static observation,polarized light microscopy observation,particle size analysis,thermogravimetric analysis and surface resistance test.The results show that the Median diameter of the AZO glycol dispersion prepared using PAA is about 438 nm after 7 days of standing,which is lower than that of the dispersion without dispersant.Meanwhile,the onset decomposition temperature of AZO/PET composite without added dispersant is 394.08℃,and the addition of PAA increases the onset decomposition temperature of the AZO/PET composite to 397.09℃,with an increase in tensile strength of about 10%and bending strength of about 5%.The surface resistivity of the composite is reduced from 1014Ωto 6.39×10^(9)Ω.The results show that PEG and PVP are helpful for the dispersion of AZO,while SDBS and CTAB exacerbate the agglomeration of the AZO particles.In comparison,PAA dispersant has a significant dispersion effect,and it can effectively improve the antistatic properties,thermal stability and mechanical strength of PET composites with AZO.

关 键 词：掺铝纳米氧化锌 分散剂 聚酯 表面电阻率 抗静电改性 

分 类 号：TQ342.2[化学工程—化纤工业] TQ423.92