被害人承诺介入犯罪中止的教义学评价  

Doctrinal Evaluation of Victims’Commitment to Intervene in Crime Suspension

作　　者：李雁峰 李涛[2] LI Yan-feng;LI Tao(School of Law,Yunnan University,KunmingYunnan,650500;School of Law and Sociology,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming Yunnan,650500)

机构地区：[1]云南大学法学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学法学与社会学学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期13-18,共6页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：被害人承诺的介入是影响犯罪中止认定的特殊因素。犯罪过程中,被害人往往基于自保心理主动承诺利益,行为人据此中止犯罪的,前行为是否构成中止以及接受承诺的性质认定存在争议。依规范主观说的立场,因利益替代而停止犯罪,系犯罪计划的理性转变,不符合刑法预防目的,宜认定为犯罪未遂。前行为已造成胁迫状态的情形下,接受行为重构了胁迫与承诺之间的因果关系,因而无效的承诺不具有违法阻却性,接受行为应作犯罪处理。在具体罪名的判断中,应当综合考虑被害人承诺的类型差异,分析胁迫的质与量,与具体犯罪构成要件相适应。The intervention of the victim's promise is a special factor affecting the determination of the suspension of the crime.In the course of the crime,the victim is often based on the self-protection mentality active commitment of benefits,whereby the perpetrator suspends the crime,whether the former behavior constitutes a suspension as well as the acceptance of the commitment of the nature of the determination of the controversy.According to the normative subjective position,because of the interests of the alternative to stop the crime,is the rational transformation of the criminal plan,not in line with the criminal law to prevent the purpose,it is appropriate to recognize as an attempt to commit a crime.In the case where the former act has caused a state of coercion,the acceptance of the act reconstructs the causal relationship between the coercion and the promise,and thus the invalid promise does not have the nature of illegal deterrence,and the acceptance of the act should be treated as a crime.In the judgment of specific crimes,comprehensive consideration should be given to the differences in the type of commitment of the victim,analyzing the quality and quantity of coercion,and adapting to the elements of specific crimes.

关 键 词：被害人承诺 犯罪中止 规范主观说 另起犯意 犯罪预防 

分 类 号：D924.11[政治法律—刑法学]